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NiZn ferrites have been extensively applied in various electromagnetic devices such as inductors and anti-EMI circuits due to some frequency-dependent physical properties like magnetic permeability. As a key parameter in radiofrequency devices, frequency properties of the permeability are determined by the magnetization mechanisms. Generally, there are two magnetization mechanisms contributing to...
MnZn ferrite, due to its high saturation magnetization, high permeability, and low core losses, which is considered to be the heart of power supplies and converters, mainly acts as transformer and inductor cores. The power for power supplies is determined essentially by the saturation magnetization (Ms) of the MnZn ferrite. Recently, many efforts are made on the study of static and dynamic magnetic...
A 2-D Hybrid numerical model was set up to simulate the process of interaction between large-volume electron-beam-generated plasmas and air flow. High energy electrons were simulated by Monte Carlo numerical method. Low-energy electrons and the ions species excited by collisions were considered by fluid model and simulated by finite-element method. It shows that the air flow can affects the space...
This paper presents the design, manufacturing and testing of the full scale prototype of the ITER Polodial Field Converter Unit (PFCU) for the coil power supply system of the ITER superconducting Tokamak. The PFCU is mainly composed of converter transformer, converter module, external bypass and dc reactors with a rated capacity of 82 MVA and a rated dc current of 55 kA, which is also required for...
ITER is designed to withstand a certain number of full scale plasma disruptions; each disruption event can induce excessive thermal loads, electromagnetic (EM) loads, and runaway electrons (REs) onto the vacuum vessel and invessel components. The consequences of unmitigated events are extremely serious in terms of reduced component lifetime and significant damage to the components.
A Canadian Agricultural Nitrogen Budget model (CANB v4.0) was developed to calculate two Agrienvironmental Indicators; Residual Soil Nitrogen (RSN) and the Indicator of Risk of Water Contamination by Nitrogen (IROWC-N) at 1:1M Soil Landscape of Canada scale for all Canadian farmland. The RSN (kg N ha-1) is the amount of inorganic N which remains in the soil at the end of the growing season and it...
Two output structures constructed by multiple apertures in E-and H-planes were designed for a W-band broadband sheet beam traveling wave tube (TWT). E-plane coupler can achieve 32% relative bandwidth and perform excellent port isolation. In comparison, another output coupler built by multi-aperture in H-plane was demon-strated, which is much convenient for PCM focusing system and can be easily integrated...
Coherent terahertz radiation obtained from double bunched sheet electron beams over a surface evanescent wave provides an effective method to extend the operating frequency and power capacity. An overmoded ridge-loaded grating waveguide was introduced in our double sheet beam backward wave oscillator (BWO) design. The fundamental mode TM11 was updated to the TM21++ mode, which is compact to integrate...
In this work, piece-wise linear upper bounds to the near- and far-end conversion loss in unbalanced differential lines are cast as function of geometrical parameters of the line cross-section. To this end, the measurement setup exploiting a four-port Network Analyzer is modeled in the modal domain, and the mixed-mode scattering parameters at the line terminations are derived resorting to the assumption...
This paper presents a temperature aware dynamic thread reassignment scheme for a many-core processor. The proposed scheme uses a hardware based cluster controller to perform thermal management for each cluster of cores. The cluster controller performs dynamic thread reassignment based on the thread transfer matrix with the following methods in descending priority: reducing the hot core temperature...
This paper analyzes the harmonic contents of a non-linear load connected to a two-phase microgrid system. Although having the same harmonic content as the single-phase power system when supplying a non-linear load under balanced conditions, the two-phase microgrid system presents the following advantages: 1) constant power through the power line at the balanced condition; 2) two voltages i.e., line-to-line...
A 20 GHz channel emulator for broadband differential data links has been developed using a trace overlaid with lossy materials and a two stage programmable Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter. It allows to emulate the main channel and the cross-talk in the data links. The hardware design and emulation procedure are described. The emulated channel matches the target channel, validating the design...
We report resistance results from carbon nanotube (CNT) vias of widths from 150 to 60 nm for potential application in integrated circuits technology. Selective CNT growth inside the vias with an areal density of $2\times 10^{11}$ /$\mathrm{cm}^{2}$ is achieved with a statistical average resistance of 1.7 $\text{k}\Omega $ with standard deviation between $420~\Omega $ and 7.1 $\text{k}\Omega $ ...
We demonstrate the consistent and manageable nature of surface adhesion and stiction forces in MEMS devices fabricated using the high-temperature epitaxial encapsulation process. In this encapsulation process (commercialized by SiTime), there are no chemical anti-stiction films or getters. Data from more than 2000 test structures with more than 80 design variations from three different fabrication...
Research on MEMS Resonators began over 50 years ago. In just the last 10 years, there has been a series of important technological developments, and (finally!) success at commercialization. The presentation will highlight some key milestones along this path, describe some of the critical technology steps, and outline some of the important non-technological events within SiTime - all of these factors...
In this paper, we report parametric drive of a MEMS rate integrating gyroscope for reduction of drifts induced by drive electronics. A Toroidal Ring Gyroscope (TRG) with 100k Q-factor at 1760 µm diameter was fabricated in epitaxial silicon encapsulation (EpiSeal) process. Device was operated in rate integrating mode using a FPGA based control system. In contrast to the conventional amplitude control...
Safe and reliable operation of the power grid equipment directly relates to the safety and reliability of power systems in the electric power systems. When the short circuit fault occurs in the power grid, over-current flows through the electric devices will produce certain effects on the equipment. Long-term cumulative effect of many times faults cause significant influence on the key equipment....
With the development of automatic control technology, the various types of switches are widely used in control systems, especially in the power systems, these switches can timely record the action time and running status of each device, which will also affect the reliable and stable operation of power system. SOE (sequence of event) is a time-stamp synchronization with switching input displacement...
Substation configuration description (SCD) plays a significant role in IEC 61850 smart substations. This paper analyses present situations of SCD application and proposes an effective solution of secondary system visualization and intelligent diagnosis for smart substations using an approved SCD model. It is possible to realize various advanced applications and object-oriented management of smart...
Compared to earth-based solar energy, space-based solar energy has the advantages of high efficiency and energy density, continuity and stability, which is promising to be one of the most important energy sources for sustainable development in the future. Several current design concepts for space solar energy collection have disadvantages of low collection efficiency, and/or large fluctuation in solar...
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