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In this work we report a fundamentally new approach to enhance fluorescence in which surface adsorbed fluorophore-tagged biomolecules are excited on a photonic crystal surface that is coupled to an underlying Fabry-Perot type cavity through a gold mirror reflector beneath the photonic crystal. This approach leads to 6× increase in signal-to-noise ratio of a dye labeled polypeptide compared to ordinary...
Photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence (PCEF) has been demonstrated as an effective means for amplifying the excitation provided to surface-bound fluorescent molecules while simultaneously enhancing fluorescence emission collection efficiency. Optimal coupling of a fluorophore-exciting light source to the PC occurs with the use of collimated plane waves, as utilized in a special-purpose fluorescence...
Gene expression analysis of low abundance genes remains difficult when DNA microarrays are performed on standard glass substrates. However, we have shown that by using photonic crystals (PC) made on quartz substrates, the fluorescence intensity of Cyanine-5 (Cy5) labeled microarray spots is greatly enhanced. In a 1-color microarray experiment studying gene expression of soybean cotyledon tissue, an...
Photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence (PCEF) has been demonstrated as an effective technique for amplifying the electromagnetic excitation and emission extraction from surface-bound fluorescent molecules. Although optimal coupling of a fluorophore-exciting light source to the PC occurs with the use of collimated plane waves, PCEF surfaces are also capable of coupling light from focused sources but...
A Photonic Crystal surface fabricated upon a quartz substrate using nanoimprint lithography has been demonstrated with a signal enhancement factor as high as 7500× for the detection of LD-700 dye spin-coated upon the PC. The detection of spotted Alexa-647 labeled polypeptide on the PC exhibits a 330× SNR improvement. Using dose-response characterization of deposited fluorophore-tagged protein spots,...
A photonic crystal surface is utilized for detection of cancer biomarkers in a fluorescent-tagged protein microarray assay. The results indicates that the detection limit of assays are reduced by up to 90% through resonant illumination.
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