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Life-cycle Assessment is an iterative procedure where the data to be included should be collected and validated repeatedly to achieve a more accurate picture of environment impacts. Sensitivity analysis and uncertainty analysis are generally recommended to identify key issues for further iterative procedure in a subsequent more detailed LCI. This paper is concerned with the iterative data, using multivariate...
As the most important and controversial phase of life cycle assessment (LCA), the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) has drawn the most attention. How to reflect the spatial characteristics of the environmental impacts has become a significant problem in an urgent need to be solved for improving the transparency and the reliability of the LCIA, especially for that with distinct environmental diversity...
The first diastereoselective total synthesis of 8-epigrosheimin was accomplished relying entirely on substrate-controlled methods. 8-Epigrosheimin, isolated as an amoebicidal and antibiotic compound from Crepis virens, is a multi-chiral-centered guaianolide with a cis-hydroazulene and a trans-annulated γ-butyrolactone ring. Our approach featured that the γ-butyrolactone unit was formed firstly before...
It would be good and necessary that studies be made of the reliability and maintainability of a mechanical system during its whole life cycle of which the cost is an important factor affecting the performance of a product. Compared with traditional researches given separately to reliability and maintainability, this paper, based upon a previous model for the analysis of the relationship of reliability...
In this paper, the indexes system of green degree of biodegradable packaging materials is built and the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) methodology based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is employed to analyze and assess this system. The qualitative assessment is gained by the survey and the statistics theory is employed to deal with the qualitative data. The judgment matrix is built and the...
In the four generally recognized stages of the life cycle assessment (LCA) community, the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) has been taken more attention as the most important and controversial phase. How to reflect the spatial characteristics of the environmental impact in the characterization model is in urgent need. First, the midpoint and endpoint categories are selected by analyzing the specialties...
In this paper, new mold equipment based on automatic ejection technology is designed. The design of this mold is composed of automatic ejection design, radial steam line design, implicit steam line design, wedged automatic location design.
The concept of Green packaging material and biodegradable material is introduced in this paper. Biodegraded material is a kind of Green material, which is easily reclaimed and reused, it does not pollute the environment, and it can decompose quickly, there is not insurant to produce after trash. The main material starch and plant fibre for produce the dishware is analyzed in this paper. By cooperating...
This study attacks two problems that are generally ignored in existing LCIA (life cycle impact assessment) weighting system, namely: 1) how to reflect national and local environmental problems and policies, especially that of China, in the weighting system; 2) how to integrate local and regional environmental situation in the product life cycle impact assessment for specific manufacturing enterprise.
Offset loading is usually considered as the special instance of upright loading in the traditional design process of wheel loaders. The value of stress is often magnified by the traditional design method. It leads that the intensity reserve of lift-arms is needless big. This may result in the waste of raw materials, an increase of lift-arms’ weight and low work efficiency. The offset loading coefficient...
The reasonable model of product family architecture is a premise for effectively implementing product family design. Two kinds of vertexes are defined in product fundamental modules with graph theory. Based on the relationships between the defined vertexes, three kinds of constraints are defined, which include fundamental composing constraints, differentiation customizing constraints and differentiation...
The basic concept and methodology of LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) is introduced briefly, and then some problems and challenges of relevant researches are pointed out. In this study, under the framework of ISO14000, an AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment Model is proposed. An index system framework is built at the same time. Some advantages of this method such...
Services are more and more important in the life cycle of products. Services are simply thought as effective compounding of maintenance and repair. In the course of maintenance and repair, disassembly is necessary. Disassembly is divided into full disassembly and selective disassembly, disassembly for services is mostly selective disassembly. How to optimize disassembly sequence, decrease disassembly...
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