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This essay analyzes the contrasting approaches taken to biodiversity conservation by the world's third largest nation-state, China, as compared to the fourth, the United States. While the primary current cause of loss in diversity of species, populations and ecosystems in China is over-exploitation, in the U.S. it is habitat destruction. Different historical trajectories, for example China's quasi-colonial...
The U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA), adopted by the Congress with virtually no opposition in 1973, is one of the world's most comprehensive biodiversity sustainability measures, because both the listing of species as endangered and plans for their recovery by law must be based only on biological needs. Yet ESA has been one of the most embattled of American environmental laws; critics argue that...
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