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The element-selected magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) between Gd core states is observed in the soft X-ray region (1150–1250 eV). The dichroism intensity for the transition from the 3d to 4f orbital of the Gd atomic state is very strong and reaches up to about 30% at 15 K. The temperature dependence of the MCD intensity shows a ferromagnetic phase around 50–80 K in addition to the room temperature...
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