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The tubiform Dufour gland in the digger wasp species Liris niger is about 1.0mm long ( 0.15mm). An alternating arrangement of longitudinal and circumferential bundles of striated muscle fibers surrounds the gland. The Dufour gland, together with the venom gland, enters the sting base and terminates in the sting. The glandular epithelium is monolayered. Glands about 3day after imaginal ecdysis have...
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