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Since its discovery, the understanding of stem/progenitor cells raised dramatically in the last decade. Their regenerative potential is important to develop new therapeutic applications, but the identification advanced much faster than our understanding of stem/progenitor cells. In nasal polyposis, little is known about stem cells/progenitor cells and their ability. However, the further characterization...
Background
Programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) is a negative regulator of T‐cell responses. Expression of PD‐1 and its ligands PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is poorly studied.
Methods
Expression of PD‐1, PD‐L1, PD‐L2, TGF‐β, IL‐5, and IL‐10 mRNA was measured by real‐time quantitative PCR on tissue homogenates of patients with CRSwNP (n = 21) and healthy controls...
Rationale
The European Position Paper on Sinusitis (EPOS) guidelines provide composite criteria to evaluate chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) control, taking into consideration the severity of patients’ symptoms, aspect of nasal mucosa and medical intake as parameters of CRS control.
Objectives
To study the degree of CRS control using novel EPOS control criteria at 3–5 years after a functional endoscopic...
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