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Experience of early life stress (ELS) and trauma is highly prevalent in the general population and has a high public health impact, as it can trigger a health-related risk cascade and lead to impaired homeostatic balance and elevated cacostatic load even decades later. The prolonged neuropsychobiological impact of ELS can, thus, be conceptualized as a common developmental risk factor for disease associated...
Objective Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an 8-week stress management intervention program that included progressive muscle relaxation, diaphragmatic breathing, guided imagery, and cognitive restructuring in obese Greek children and adolescents. Design Thirty-six patients were prospectively recruited to participate in this randomized controlled study. Of these, 16 participants formed...
Recent studies have suggested that body composition is key to health and disease. First, fat tissue is a complex, essential, and highly active metabolic and endocrine organ that responds to afferent signals from traditional hormone systems and the central nervous system but also expresses and secretes factors with important endocrine, metabolic, and immune functions. Second, skeletal muscle mass is...
OBJECTIVE: Pediatric obesity commonly co-exists with emotional and behavioral disorders, while disturbed Cortisol concentrations have been reported in both obese and chronically stressed individuals with anxiety and/or depression. We investigated the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing problems, reported by both parents and children, in a clinical population of obese children (OC) compared...
OBJECTIVE: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) risk alleles of obesogenic genes, such as the fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene, have been described in both paediatrics and adult populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effect of FTO and MC4R risk alleles on the obese phenotype and metabolic profile of young children...
OBJECTIVE This experimental study aimed to prospectively investigate the impact of combinations of prenatal and postnatal food manipulations on the metabolic profile of adult offspring. DESIGN On day 12 of gestation, 67 timed pregnant rats were randomized into three nutritional groups, control: standard laboratory food; starved: 50% food restricted, FR; fat-fed: fat-rich diet, FF. Seven hundred...
OBJECTIVE Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with adult as well as childhood obesity. Retinol-binding-protein-4 (RBP-4) and Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin (NGAL) are altered in obese individuals. The aim of this study was to examine circulating 25-(OH) Vitamin D (25-(OH) D) concentrations according to BMI and its associations with RBP-4 and NGAL in female children and adolescents. ...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of active parental involvement in a lifestyle intervention for the management of childhood obesity. DESIGN: Forty-two overweight children (32 girls and 10 boys), aged 9.2±0.2 years and with percent overweight 39.8±2.7%, were randomly allocated either to a child-and-parent group (N = 23) or a child-alone group (N = 19). Both groups attended a 3-month multidisciplinary...
OBJECTIVE: Childhood obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) are associated with an increased risk for early onset endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Placental growth factor (PlGF), a member of the vascular endothelial growth factor family, plays an important role in atherosclerosis by stimulating angiogenesis and atherogenic migration of monocytes/macrophages into the arterial wall. The...
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