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Based on the characteristics of freight train control, which are nonlinear, time-delay, with multi-constraint and multiobjective, this paper focuses on speed tracking problem. Firstly, in a gradual process, a multi-modal fuzzy PID (MM-FPID) control algorithm is presented on the basis of a brief analysis of PI and PID control, which is generally used to train control in active services. Secondly, in...
Quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm is a global convergence guaranteed algorithm, which shows good search ability in many optimization problems. In this paper, we present an improved QPSO algorithm, called IQPSO, by combining QPSO and an opposition-based learning concept. Experimental studies on four well-known benchmark problems show that IQPSO achieves better results than...
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is one of the evolutionary techniques based on swarm intelligence, which has show good performance in many optimization problems. This paper proposes a new learning strategy to help particles learn experiences from other previous best particles. In order to verify the proposed approach (HPSO), this paper investigates the effects of learning factor on six well-known...
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