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Conventional design of UMTS networks usually involves single-homing (i.e., many-to-one mapping) of NodeBs to Radio Network Controllers (RNCs) in tier-1 (i.e., a group of NodeBs is connected to a single RNC) and that of RNCs to Mobile Switching Centres (MSCs) as well as to Serving GPRS Support Nodes (SGSNs) in tier-2 (i.e., a group of RNCs is connected to a single MSC/SGSN). Thus, any NodeB is connected...
This paper deals with a practical approach for planning WLAN hotspots to be underlaid within an existing 3G network. Given the number of access points (APs) and access routers (ARs), their locations, call handling capacities of ARs as well as serving GPRS Support Nodes (SGSNs), intra-WLAN handoff costs, and 3G/WLAN inter-system handoff costs, an important consideration for a mobile telecom service...
In conventional UMTS cellular networks, during deployment usually a set of NodeBs is assigned to one Radio Network Controller (RNC), and a set of RNCs to one Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) for data services, as well as to one Mobile Switching Centre (MSC) for voice services. Operators thus far have considered single-homing of RNCs to MSCs/SGSNs (i.e., many-to-one mapping) with an objective to reduce...
This paper presents efficient methods of vertical handoffs from UMTS to WLAN and vice versa in a loose coupling architecture. When a mobile terminal (MT) moves from UMTS to WLAN, it performs mobile IP (MIP) registration with home agent (HA). Subsequently, HA needs to perform location update signaling with UMTS network to make the MT reachable from UMTS. If HA is deployed at gateway GPRS support node...
In this paper, we propose a new WLAN/GPRS integration architecture from the point of view of a GPRS operator's WLAN implementation. We introduce a new node, called serving GPRS access router (SGAR), and its associated protocol stack. SGAR acts as WLAN's access gateway to GPRS network so that a mobile terminal (MT) can use GPRS control signaling in WLAN networks in both tight and loose coupling modes...
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