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Fuzzy programming offers a powerful means of handling optimization problems with fuzzy parameters. Fuzzy programming has been used in different ways in the past. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been applied successfully to continuous nonlinear constrained optimization problems, neural network, etc. But we have not been found to use PSO for fuzzy programming in literature. In this paper,...
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm has been developing rapidly and has been applied widely since it was introduced, as it is easily understand and realized. For nonlinear bilevel programming whose leader is a nonlinear function, a hybrid PSO algorithm with a simplex algorithm is presented. So far using PSO to solve the nonlinear bilevel programming problem has not been found in the literature...
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