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Background
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic antigen‐mediated clinicopathologic disease of the esophagus characterized by an eosinophil‐predominant inflammatory infiltrate. A clinical hallmark is extensive tissue remodeling including basal zone hyperplasia, fibrosis, and angiogenesis. However, the cellular mechanisms responsible for these processes are not fully defined. We hypothesized...
The objective of the study was to compare nasal, pharyngeal, and sputum eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) levels with induced sputum eosinophil percentage in 10 adults with poorly controlled asthma and 10 normal controls. EPX was measured using an ELISA and normalized for grams of protein for nasal and pharynx specimens and for mL‐gram of protein for sputum. Sputum EPX levels were statistically different...
BackgroundEosinophils are hallmark cells of allergic Th2 respiratory inflammation. However, the relative importance of eosinophil activation and the induction of effector functions such as the expression of IL‐13 to allergic Th2 pulmonary disease remain to be defined.
MethodsWild‐type or cytokine‐deficient (IL‐13−/− or IL‐4−/−) eosinophils treated with cytokines (GM‐CSF, IL‐4, IL‐33) were adoptively...
BackgroundThe importance and specific role(s) of eosinophils in modulating the immune/inflammatory phenotype of allergic pulmonary disease remain to be defined. Established animal models assessing the role(s) of eosinophils as contributors and/or causative agents of disease have relied on congenitally deficient mice where the developmental consequences of eosinophil depletion are unknown.
MethodsWe...
BackgroundSputum eosinophilia has been shown to be a predictor of response to anti‐eosinophil therapies in patients with airway diseases. However, quantitative cell counts and differentials of sputum are labor intensive. The objective of this study was to validate a novel ELISA‐based assay of eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) in sputum as a rapid and reliable marker of airway eosinophils.
MethodsThe utility...
Several lines of evidence suggest that deficiency of eosinophils is not associated with any characteristic abnormality. Patients lacking eosinophils, in the setting of immunodeficiency or as a consequence of IgG‐mediated eosinophil precursor destruction, do not display any distinguishing abnormalities related to eosinophil reduction. The observation that eosinophil‐deficient mice do not display any...
BackgroundTransforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 produced in airway epithelia has been suggested as a contributor to the airway remodeling observed in asthma patients. The protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is a demonstrable modulator of TGF‐β1 production and thus a potential regulator of airway remodeling.
ObjectivesTo define the signal event by which SHP2 regulates asthmatic responses in airway epithelial...
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