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Owing to its advantages of being closed-loop and online as well as small memory storage length, adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) based state of charge (SOC) estimation method for lithium batteries in electric vehicles (EVs) has been widely used. However, EVs often have to operate under complex conditions, such as sudden acceleration and deceleration. Under the strong nonlinear input, the AEKF...
A PSpice model of MQW semiconductor laser is given. This model is applicable for E-filed probe. The model is based on the rate equation of MQW-LD, and the rate equation is characterized as a equivalent circuit. The circuit is made up of linear circuit elements. This equivalent model is simulated and analyzed by PSpice, and its practicability and veracity are verified.
A novel time-domain approach is proposed to synthesize the scalable macro-model of the interconnectors based on time-domain reflected waveforms either measured by TDR or simulated by FDTD method. The step responses of the interconnectors are solved in terms of rational functions by the generalized Pencil-of-Matrix (GPOM) method. The macro- model in terms of the rational functions pairs is obtained...
Strain technology has been successfully integrated into CMOS fabrication to improve carrier transport properties since 90 nm node. Due to the non-uniform stress distribution in the channel, the enhancement in carrier mobility, velocity, and threshold voltage shift strongly depend on circuit layout, leading to systematic performance variations among transistors. A compact stress model that physically...
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