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The smart transformer (ST), a solid-state transformer with control and communication functionalities, that interfaces medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) grids, enables the control of the frequency in the LV grid independently from the MV one. In a ST-fed distribution grid, the ST can interact with the droop controllers of local generators and loads frequency characteristic to control the LV...
The increasing implementation of Distributed Generation (DG) in the distribution grids creates new challenges in controlling the voltage profile. If the DG production exceeds the load consumption, the power flow reverses through the MV/LV substations. The reverse power flow impacts mainly on the voltage profile, increasing further the voltage in LV and MV grids. At this regard the Smart Transformer...
The greater demand variability caused by the high penetration of Distributed Generation (DG) challenges the LV grids. Although the DG supports the local load demand, its intermittent nature (i.e. renewables) can create undesired conditions: reverse power flow from the Low (LV) to Medium Voltage (MV) grid in case of low load demand and high power production, or overloading of the substation transformer...
An advanced service provided by the Smart Transformer (ST) is the decoupling between the Medium Voltage (MV) and Low Voltage (LV) grids. In the LV side, the ST can modify the waveform's frequency in order to interact with the droop controllers of the local generators to control the power demand among the sources without affecting the MV grid. However, most of the existing controllers for power converters...
Smart grids have attracted the attention of the scientific community for years, since the ability to better manage distributed resources in a dynamic grid scenario is of paramount importance. Among the solutions that have been investigated, there is the smart transformer (ST) distribution concept, where an AC/AC power converter substitutes the traditional distribution transformer while enabling additional...
A Smart Transformers (ST) is an automated transformer based on the latest power electronics and communication technologies. It aims not only at replacing the traditional transformer, but at providing also ancillary services to the grid, thanks to the greater flexibility offered by power electronics. However, in the case of grid overload caused by high load demand or high production from renewable...
A Smart Transformer (ST) is a power electronics-based transformer that aims not only to substitute the traditional transformer but to upgrade also the LV and MV grid. In order to limit the costs, the ST must be carefully designed, constraining the current carried by the ST. In this paper a Combined Frequency and Voltage Controller is proposed, in order to manage a possible overload without derating...
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