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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a conserved family of small endogenous noncoding RNA molecules that modulate post‐transcriptional gene expression in physiological and pathological processes. miRNAs can silence target mRNAs through degradation or inhibition of translation, showing their pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many human diseases. miRNAs play a role in regulating immune functions and inflammation...
Background
Although the importance of ectopic lymphoid tissues (eLTs) in the pathophysiology of nasal polyps (NPs) is increasingly appreciated, the mechanisms underlying their formation remain unclear.
Objective
To study the role of interleukin (IL)‐17A, C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and lymphotoxin (LT) in eLT formation in NPs.
Methods
The expression levels of CXCL13 and LT and their...
Allergic diseases are characterized by overactive type 2 immune responses to allergens and immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐mediated hypersensitivity. Emerging evidence suggests that follicular helper T (TFH) cells, rather than type 2 T‐helper (TH2) cells, play a crucial role in controlling IgE production. However, follicular regulatory T (TFR) cells, a specialized subset of regulatory T (TREG) cells resident...
Background
The impacts of chronic airway diseases on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) are far from understood.
Objective
To explore the influence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) comorbidity on disease expression and outcomes, and the potential underlying mechanisms in COVID‐19 patients.
Methods
A total of 961 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients with a definite clinical...
Background
Cold‐inducible RNA‐binding protein (CIRP) is a newly identified damage‐associated molecular pattern molecule. Its roles beyond promoting inflammation and in human diseases are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of CIRP in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).
Methods
Immunohistochemistry, quantitative RT‐PCR, and ELISA were used to detect...
Background
The contribution of B‐cell subsets and T‐B cell interaction to the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR) and mechanisms of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to outline circulating B‐cell signature, the underlying mechanism, and its association with clinical response to AIT in patients with AR.
Methods
IgD/CD27 and CD24/CD38 core gating systems were...
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