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Frequency reconfigurable antennas gain interest especially in future wireless communication systems due to flexibility in many applications. This paper reviews three different configurations of frequency reconfigurable antenna. The first configuration is the narrowband to narrowband frequency reconfigurable using slot type of antenna and microstrip antenna. The second configuration is the wideband...
An extensive evaluation of practical 3400–3600 MHz multi-element mobile antennas (MAs) have been performed in indoor propagation environments. The overall performances are assessed by means of average efficiency and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) capacity. The study covers both uniform and actual multipath environments with consideration of user's interaction. The number of antenna elements...
This paper proposed a dual resonant circular ring-shaped metamaterial absorber (MMAbs) with wide operating angle in X-band frequency. The structure is constructed on FR4 substrate. The resonating elements are designed using two circular rings structure with different radius. The resonating elements are printed on the top surface of FR4 substrate, while at the bottom layer; a full copper layer is placed...
The use of flexible materials such as textile, vinyl and flexible polymer as a substrate for designing wearable antenna are becoming very popular. As the antennas are easily exposed to mechanical deformation while being worn by users, the necessity to measure and analyze the effect of the antenna deformation towards the antenna performance and electromagnetic (EM) energy absorbed by the body are increasing...
This paper evaluates the interaction between the human body and dipole antenna in the presence of conductive medical implant. A Voxel body model is exposed to the radiation source at three different frequencies; 0.9 GHz, 1.8 GHz and 2.4 GHz. A conductive bone plate is implanted inside the Voxel body in order to investigate the effect of medical implant on the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). Results...
This work investigates the transmission performance of on-body antennas with the proposed textile Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) waveguide jacket. On-body measurements have been performed on male and female subjects to compare the S21 transmission of the antennas when positioned on top of the AMC sheet. The on-body transmission performance of the antennas when positioned on top of the AMC jacket...
A dual-band textile Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) sheet-like waveguide with two single-band textile diamond dipole antennas made of fleece fabric have been designed and presented in the report. The AMC structure is designed to have zero reflection phase at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz with the aim to improve the transmission between antennas. The performances of two antennas with textile AMC sheet have...
This paper presents the design, simulation, fabrication, and measurement of dual-directional polarization insensitive multiband metamaterial absorber (MMAbs). The MMAbs is designed at three resonating frequency in X-band. The structure of MMAbs consists of two-layers 0.8 mm-thick FR4 substrate with three concentric copper rings-shaped structures at different radius printed on the top and bottom surface...
This research identifies and evaluates the effect of human body and conductive metallic objects in the vicinity of radiation source on Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). The presence of electronic devices in the vicinity of human body especially close to the human sensitive part especially when the antenna is left inside the trousers pocket could allow the radiated electromagnetic wave to penetrate inside...
In this paper, the interaction between a single band textile dipole antenna with human body is examined under several bending conditions. The numerical simulations of the single band 0.9 GHz patch dipole antenna are performed by using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio. The Finite Integration Technique (FIT) method is utilized to determine the antenna performance. Results have clearly...
This paper presents the design of leaf shaped dual band flexible textile antenna. The textile antenna designed at 1.8GHz suitable for Long Term Evolution (LTE) and 2.8GHz WiMAX application. To enhance the flexibility of the proposed antenna and for the comfort of the user, denim textile is used as a substrate material. The conductive copper tape is used as the conducting element. The study also describes...
This paper presents the design of dual band polarization insensitive metamaterial absorber at 9 GHz and 10 GHz. The unit cell of the metamaterial consists of four circular rings copper with copper lines printed on 0.8 mm thick FR4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.6 and loss tangent of 0.019. The simulated result shows that the dual band metamaterial absorber achieves 97.00% and 97.77% for normal...
This paper presented the investigation of wearable textile slot linear array (TSLA) antenna under flat, curvature and crumple conditions in free space designed for body worn communication application. The antenna substrate is made of 0.78 mm denim fabric with conducting monopole and ground plane is made of 0.17 mm shieldit fabric. The antenna is designed at resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz Industrial...
In this paper, an antenna with polarization reconfigurability is proposed. The antenna is composed of circular patch incorporated with four equal-length slits. By controlling the state of the switches, either short or open, the antenna can radiate with triple polarizations;eitherright-hand circular polarizations, left-hand circular polarizations or linear polarizations which are operated at the same...
In this paper, an approach for designing a compact microstrip antenna array using Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) for dual-frequency operation are presented. The designs of single element, 1×2 and 2×2 array yield a good gain with compact size. The radiating patch for the 2×2 array has dimensions 48 × 57 mm with ground plane (GP) size of 63 × 95 mm. The antennas introduce the U-slot structure designed...
In this paper, a wideband monopole antenna with frequency reconfigurability is proposed. The antenna consists of a wideband monopole antenna integrates with EBG structures. The EBG structures are placed underneath the transmission line of the antenna. A switch is placed at each EBG structure and by controlling the state of the switch, the band stop operation of the EBG can be activated or deactivated...
Wireless implantable body area network (WiBAN) is useful in monitoring systems especially for medical diagnostic such as breast cancer, heart attack high blood pressure and others. The objective of this paper is to design an implantable small printed antenna for WiBAN applications and investigates the antenna performances in term of gain, efficiency, return loss, operating bandwidth and radiation...
This paper discusses the simulation and measurement results of Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) due to the presence of common metallic items close to the radiation source. Numerical simulations are performed by using Finite Integration Technique (FIT). A heterogeneous Voxel body model is used in the simulation and has been exposed to a simple λ/2 dipole antenna at three different frequencies; 0.9, 1...
This paper discusses the performance and SAR of dipole textile antenna under different crumpling conditions in the presence of human body close to the radiation source. The numerical simulations of the realistic complex two dimensional crumpling is performed by using Finite Integration Technique (FIT) which is applied in Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio. A realistic heterogeneous...
A multiband Koch fractal textile antenna is proposed for wearable application operating at 0.9, 2.45 and 5.8 GHz antenna. Koch fractal geometries are introduced into the design to miniaturize the antenna. The antenna is constructed on denim fabric with permittivity of 1.75 as a substrate aiming to obtain robustness, flexibility and lightweight antenna. The antenna is designed, optimized and simulated...
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