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In this paper, the design of a microstrip patch antenna for microwave sensing of sand production in petroleum pipelines is presented. Two antennas are designed in order to cover the entire sensing regime (gas to liquid including large percentages of brine) common to petroleum production lines. The antennas are designed to operate at ∼5GHz. The antenna intended for sensing with low-loss fluids (gas...
Sand production in petroleum wells is a major concern for the petroleum industry. Sand production results in erosion of pipelines and damage to equipment which may lead to production shutdown and large economic losses. Detection of produced sand is important for optimizing flow rates and measuring the success of sand mitigation techniques. Recently, microwave nondestructive testing was considered...
Microwave nondestructive testing (NDT) has shown success in many industries including aerospace and infrastructure. Recently the potential for applying microwave NDT methods in the petroleum industry, specifically for detection of sand in produced petroleum fluids, was investigated. Flowing sand grains cause erosion of many components in the production system including tubing, piping and associated...
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