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Microcrystalline cellulose has been used to develop carbonaceous materials by hydrothermal synthesis. The use of HCl in different concentrations modifies the nature of the obtained materials. Surface area, determined by CO2 adsorption, can be used to define a new empirical parameter, the “hydrothermal index” (H.I.), which allows a simple comparison of the different hydrothermal conditions. Higher...
Sulfonation of hydrothermal carbon leads to a very active acid catalyst, in spite of the very low surface area determined by N2 physisorption and the even distribution of sulfonic groups, as demonstrated by scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis. However, CO2 adsorption at 273K indicates the presence of ultramicropores, not detected with N2 at 77K. Acidity was characterized by different...
A hydrothermal carbon layer has been coated on graphite felt using a carbohydrate solution (glucose, sucrose or starch) as precursor. The coating is uniform in thickness and coverage, and exhibits excellent adhesion to the substrate. It is highly hydrophilic, very accessible to reactants and the thickness can be tuned by the synthesis conditions. The coating was functionalized with sulfonic acid groups...
A well-adhered layer of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) was grown on stainless steel microreactors by decomposition of a hydrocarbon over microreactors previously coated with Ni dispersed on alumina. In a previous work, we reported that the growth temperature and hydrocarbon (methane or ethane) modulated the morphology and size of the grown carbon species. Using ethane, the carbon yield increased dramatically...
Composite materials consisting of ceramic monoliths and carbon nanofibres (CNFs) have been synthesized by catalytic growth of CNFs on the γ-alumina washcoating layer covering the walls of a ceramic monolith. The composites possess a relatively uniform mesoporous layer of CNFs of relatively small diameter. The thin alumina washcoating (ca. 0.1μm) prevents the CNFs from being trapped inside the alumina...
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