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Li-ion batteries have been widely used in electric vehicles, and battery internal state estimation plays an important role in the battery management system. However, it is technically challenging, in particular, for the estimation of the battery internal temperature and state-of-charge (SOC), which are two key state variables affecting the battery performance. In this paper, a novel method is proposed...
Because of its high-capacity, low losses and no electromagnetic interference, the gas-insulated transmission line (GIL), which is a replacement of an overhead line in special environments, has been used for over 40 years, mainly as bus ducts of gas-insulated substations or underground connections in power plants. The insulated and cooling gas in GIL is mainly SF6 or its mixtures, which have high global...
As the increasing demand for large capacity, high voltage and high reliability power transformers in urban power grid, oil-free, non-flammable and non-explosive equipment is recommended. For this reason, evaporative cooling transformers, gas insulated transformers and other electrical equipment using fluorocarbon as coolant and dielectric have been developed. This paper presents an experimental survey...
SF6 gas has been widely used currently in electric power systems, such as GIS, GIL and GIT. However, because of the high global warming potential (GWP), SF6 was listed as one of the six restricted gases in "Kyoto Protocol" in 1997. Some fluorocarbon gases with low environmental effect and high dielectric performance are studied as the substitution candidates for SF6. This paper presents...
InGaN/GaN LEDs offer important lighting devices for human livings. These devices have high efficiency and lifetimes at low injection power but so far show degradation under high injection conditions. Current spreading and heat dissipation are key reasons for degradation under high power operation. In this paper, we have developed a three-dimensional (3-D) finite element method (FEM) to examine the...
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