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NASA has an aggressive plan for exploring Mars. Future in situ life detection and sample return missions will rely on clean and effectively sterile spacecraft to ensure reliable, valid science measurements. These spacecraft levy substantial requirements for planetary protection. Here, we report the results of a comparative analysis of the efficacy of three different cleaning approaches to remove bacterial...
NASA planetary protection regulations state that a surface may be considered "sterile" if a microbial burden of less than 300 aerobic bacterial spores per square meter can be further treated to achieve a 10 4 fold reduction in viable endospores (spores). The results of previous studies have suggested that surfaces might be cleaned to a level that is essentially sterile. Here, we report the...
NASA continuously monitors spacecraft surfaces to assure a very low presence of bacterial endospores upon landing on the surface of Mars. In order to meet the rigid schedules of spacecraft assembly, a more rapid, sensitive spore detection assay is being considered as an alternate method to the current three-day NASA standard culture-based assay. The millipore microstar rapid system (RMDS) has been...
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