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In this paper, we propose an underwater media access control (MAC) protocol based on flexible request-to-send waiting time (RWT) with a three-way handshaking mechanism. To support underwater mobile ad-hoc networks where each node has one-hop communication, our proposed MAC protocol is designed for data reliability, energy efficiency, node mobility, and network scalability. First, the order of transmission...
Underwater acoustic sensor network technology can be applied in underwater environment such as the sea or rivers. It can be mainly used for data acquisition, underwater exploration, prevention of natural disasters, unattended environmental monitoring systems, and military for underwater surveillance. Despite of this promising outlook, underwater sensor network has so many limitations in communicating,...
This paper proposes a new media access control (MAC) protocol, Preamble-MAC (P-MAC). P-MAC is adaptive and dynamic MAC protocol based on Virtual Distance Level (VDL), which is the estimated, accumulated information of channel status and variation obtained through periodically monitoring underwater environment information such as long, unknown propagation delays and low bandwidth for underwater acoustic...
Underwater acoustic communication, compared with Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) used in terrestrial environment, poses unique challenges due to the harsh underwater environment, such as limited bandwidth capacity, high and variable propagation delays, high bit error rates, and temporary losses connectivity caused by multipath and fading phenomena in spite of using a variety of applications in many...
Recently, development of original technologies of underwater sensor network for data transmission in underwater environment has been progressed. Since propagation delay is a problem awaiting solution in acoustic communication, the transmission time tends to be increased as network radius increases. Besides, there are difficulties of MAC service, which supports to avoid the collision and maintain reliable...
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