The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
This article presents a new design of a low-cost, very compact and wideband five-port reflectometer operating at frequency band of 2.9 to 6.8 GHz. The proposed reflectometer is designed by using symmetrical five branch-lines which designed and analyzed by using Agilent's Advance Design Systems (ADS) software. The simulation results showed that the proposed five port reflectometer operates over the...
Localization techniques in microcellular networks have been increasingly important for many applications especially for those who are looking for emergency call conditions. This paper propose a new approach for LOS and NLOS localization in an urban environment using a single base station (SBS) and the measured scattering distances by utilizing the effects of the time of arrival (TOA) and angle of...
A detailed of code construction for an Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) system with flexible cross correlation is presented to reduce the effect of interference thus optimizing the code length. In this paper, the proposed code called Flexible Cross Correlation (FCC) code. The FCC code can be constructed using a simple tridiagonal matrix compared to other OCDMA codes such as MDW and DCS...
Nowadays, more and more wireless power transfer system are developed and being in used in many electronic devices especially in Smart Home applications. In this paper, we developed a basic and simple wireless electricity system to investigate and analysis the system performance. This system was developed using electrodynamic induction technique to demonstrate the wireless power transfer system. Moreover,...
In this paper, a new two-code keying approach to enable bipolar encoding in high-rate spectral-amplitude-coding optical code-division multiple-access (SAC-OCDMA) systems is suggested. The analytical expressions are developed for the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bit-error rate (BER) of SAC-OCDMA system based on the recommended approach using multi-diagonal (MD) code. The results indicate that the...
In this research, we present a novel encoding and decoding structure based upon two-code keying for high-rate spectral-amplitude-coding optical code-division multiple-access (SAC-OCDMA) systems. The OptiSystem (version 13) simulation software is used to measure the bit-error rate (BER) performance for different fiber lengths. The results indicate that the proposed coding structure clearly provides...
The benefits of employing 2-Dimensional (2D) Wave-length/Time (W/T) Hybrid code to mitigate the optical noise in spectral amplitude coding OCDMA networks system is in-vestigated. This analysis allows us to identify the influences of optical noise such as PIIN noise, shot noise and thermal noise in the system performance by using 2D Hybrid FCC-MDW code. The mathematical calculation reveals this new...
This paper focus on mitigating the atmospheric turbulence effect in free space optical communication using new dual diffuser modulation (DDM) technique. Phase screen diffuser located on transmitter create ‘new’ beam wave to propagate through turbulence more efficiently. This technique uses two transmitter and differential mode detection at the receiver. The result shows that for the receiving power...
An elegant encoding/decoding architecture based on two-code keying scheme for high-rate transmission in non-coherent spectral-amplitude-coding optical code-division multiple-access (SAC-OCDMA) systems, is suggested. To evaluate the performance improvement, a commercial OptiSystem software (Version 12.2.1) is used. The simulation results show that SAC-OCDMA system using the proposed architecture exhibited...
This paper analyzes the performance of the OS-CDMA system using OFDM technique to enhance the channel data rate, to save power and increase the number of user of OSCDMA systems. This system compared with previous hybrid subcarrier multiplexing/optical spectrum code division multiple-access (SCM/OSCDMA) system. The average received SNR with the nonlinearity of subcarriers is derived. The theoretical...
A new class of code called Flexible Cross-Correlation (FCC) for Spectral-Amplitude Coding Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access (SAC-OCDMA) systems has been de-veloped. The FCC code has advantages, such as flexible cross-correlation property at any given number of users and weights, as well as effectively reduces the impact of Phase-Induced Intensity Noise (PIIN) and Multiple-Access Interference (MAI)...
Various two-dimensional (2-D) OCDMA codes have been introduced in recent years due to their capabilities in enhancing cardinality, suppressing phase induced intensity noise (PIIN) and eliminates multiple access interference (MAI). This paper presents our new proposal of 2-D spectral/spatial Extended Enhanced Double Weight (2-D Extended-EDW) code. This code is designed to enhance cardinality and effective...
Two-dimensional Optical Code Division Multiple Access (2-D OCDMA) has gained great interest among researchers in optical communication systems. This work is aimed to present an alternative way of formulating the spectral/spatial incoherent two-dimensional Extended Enhanced Double Weight (2-D Extended-EDW) code. This code is proposed to suppress the phase induced intensity noise (PIIN) by using multiple...
In transmission media the Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are highly suitable for wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) systems. This paper exhibit a Hexagonal Photonic Crystal Fiber (H-PCF) that mention simultaneously high birefringence, large nonlinearity and high negative dispersion. The proposed H-PCFs shows a large negative dispersion coefficient of about −188 to −435 ps/(nm.km) over E and U-bands...
Security becomes the critical issue in incoherent spectral amplitude coding optical code division multiple access (SAC-OCDMA) systems. In preventing the unintended users from decoding and extracting the data due to the cross-correlation among code sequences, an ideal detection technique is needed to enhance the security of the SAC-OCDMA systems. In this paper, we study the efficiency of the modified-AND...
This paper focus on increase the efficiency power in free space optical communication by using new dual diffuser modulation (DDM) technique. Atmospheric turbulence effect which is considering on scintillation phenomenon is considered in this case study. Phase screen diffuser which will be placed at transmitter create ‘new’ beam wave to propagate through turbulence more efficiently. This technique...
A 2-Dimensional (2-D) Wavelength/Time (W/T) scheme is proposed for spectral amplitude coding OCDMA network system. The new hybrid codes are utilizing Flexible Cross Correlation (FCC) and Modified Double Weight (MDW) codes which both codes have good correlation properties and capable to suppress multiple access interference (MAI). From the numerical calculation, it has been shown that this new hybrid...
Multiple-access interference (MAI) and phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN) are the principal limitations for the performance of spectral-amplitude-coding optical codedivision multiple-access (SAC-OCDMA) systems. Focusing on increasing the performance and reducing the bit-error rate (BER), the ideal transceiver design should be accentuated. In this paper, we studied the effect of the different combination...
Intensity noise (IN) or phase induced intensity noise (PIIN) is the key limiting factor of the performance in spectral amplitude coding optical code division multiple access (SAC OCDMA) systems. The PIIN can be mitigated in SAC OCDMA by splitting the signals and detecting each signal by a different photodiode if the independence between the split signals can be achieved. In this paper, we derive the...
This paper proposes a new design for acquisition and broadcasting of images for motorway surveillance systems (MSSs). The new design enables the motorway users to access data of images taken by wireless cameras placed along the motorway. This has the potential to provide improved safety awareness by allowing the motorway users to know the actual or imminent traffic and road conditions. This paper...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.