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Digital ΔΣ modulators can be conveniently implemented as multi-stage noise shaping (MASH) architectures whenever some power of the first-difference differentiator is acceptable as the noise transfer function (NTF). Yet, other types of NTF can be more performant in some applications. In fact, strategies for a full adaptation of the NTF to the modulator environment have recently been studied. In this...
The constant-time discontinuity map is presented and used to compute the nonlinear effects of quantization noise injected in fractional-N phase locked loops by ΔΣ modulators. The effects of quantization noise are studied through sensitivity analysis of the nominal trajectory of a noiseless integer-N phase locked loop with respect to a small additive perturbation. It is shown that, to accurately measure...
Phase-locked loops are important building blocks for several different applications. Modern design and implementation of these circuits is largely advantaged by a mixed analog/digital simulation approach since phase locked loops are stiff systems and a full analog representation is in general too large to simulate in reasonable time. Even though current algorithms, based on a mixed analog/digital...
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