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Greedy forwarding fails due to void area, termed a hole, where no nodes can be deployed in realistic wireless sensor networks. This is known as the local minimum problem. Several schemes have been recently proposed to solve this problem. However, they have the problem that nodes, which are adjacent to the hole, have to maintain hole boundary information and an increase in hop counts due to additional...
In realistic wireless sensor networks (WSNs), wireless link can be extremely unreliable and for the reliable and efficient data delivery many characteristics should be considered such as link quality, distance and energy. Therefore, an optimal solution which considers these characteristics is necessary. Previous geographic routing protocols which consider only some of these characteristics are not...
The IEEE 802.16 is developed for fixed broadband wireless technology with wider coverage, higher data transmission speeds and excellent quality of services (QoS). IEEE 802.16e is an amendment to the IEEE 802.16 that corporates the handover process to support mobility under high speeds. The mobility user basically conducts hard handover process after the MS terminates the connection with the serving...
As sensor technology continues to improve, sensors will be deployed in many more applications. Mobile services utilized by mobile users who wish to access the Internet and sensor networks are becoming more common. Two-tier data dissemination (TTDD) is a scheme that transmits data using square virtual paths. TTDD uses energy efficiently by consuming energy only in sensor nodes that are on virtual paths...
Energy conservation is critical in wireless sensor networks. Conventionally, energy consumption is represented by 1/dalpha, when d is the distance between a TX and a RX, and alpha is the path-loss (generally between 2 and 4 for indoor environments). Such a correlation between the energy consumption of sensor node and the distance between a transmitter and a receiver allows a researcher to develop...
Modern wireless networks require wide bandwidth and high-speed mobility, and IEEE 802.16e is considered to be a technology capable of meeting such requirements. One of the most important issues with IEEE 802.16e is for the handover technology to provide seamless high capacity data services at a high speed rate. Data transmission to the terminal device is interrupted while scanning is performed for...
Indexing provides for selective tuning but suffers from the drawback that, in order to conserve battery power, the client has to wait for and tune to the index segment. In location-aware mobile services (LAMSs), it is important to reduce the query response time since a late query response may contain out-of-date information. In this paper, we present a broadcast-based spatial query processing scheme...
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