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This paper introduces the performance of an elliptical shaped antenna with random slots and compares the results between the original patch and the patch without both dots and connector. 5.8 GHz is the reference or desired frequency set for measuring the performance of this antenna. For the design, three elliptical shaped slots with different dimensions are deployed and connected to each other acting...
This paper introduces the performance of an elliptical shaped antenna with random slots with the use of parasitic element and compares the results between the original patch and the patch without dots stacked with parasitic element mounted on a high dielectric substrate. 5.8GHz is the reference or desired frequency set for measuring the performance of this antenna. The purpose of using parasitic element...
This paper introduces the performance of an elliptical shaped antenna with random slots and compares the results between the original patch and the patch without dots. 5.8GHz is the reference or desired frequency set for measuring the performance of this antenna. For the design, three elliptical shaped slots with different dimensions are deployed and connected to each other acting as a main radiating...
This paper introduces the performance of an elliptical shaped antenna with random slots with the use of parasitic element and compares the results between the original patch and the patch with parasitic element mounted on superstrate. 5.8 GHz is the reference or desired frequency set for measuring the performance of this antenna. The purpose of using parasitic element is to optimize the gain and radiation...
This paper introduces the performance of an elliptical shaped antenna with random slots with the use of parasitic element and compares the results between the original patch and the patch with parasitic ring mounted on foam. 5.8GHz is the reference or desired frequency set for measuring the performance of this antenna. The purpose of using parasitic element is to optimize the gain and radiation efficiency...
This paper introduces the performance of an elliptical shaped antenna with random slots with the use of superstrate and compares the results between the original patch and the patch with superstrate layer but without dots. 5.8GHz is the reference or desired frequency set for measuring the performance of this antenna. The purpose of using superstrate is to optimize the gain and radiation efficiency...
This paper introduces the performance of an elliptical shaped antenna with random slots with the use of parasitic element and compares the results between the original patch and the patch without dots stacked with parasitic element mounted on foam. 5.8GHz is the reference or desired frequency set for measuring the performance of this antenna. The purpose of using parasitic element is to optimize the...
This paper presents a hybrid optimization algorithm, referred to as hybrid spiral dynamics bacterial chemotaxis (HSDBC) algorithm. HSDBC synergizes bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA) chemotaxis strategy and spiral dynamics algorithm (SDA). The original BFA has higher convergence speed while SDA has better accuracy and stable convergence when approaching the optimum value. This hybrid approach preserves...
This paper investigates the different empirical propagation models for the next mobile generation known as the Long Term Evolution - Advanced (LTE-A) in the 2GHz band‥ The effects of the propagation models are analyzed in urban, suburban and rural environments by using Monte-Carlo statistical methodology. The Joint Task Group 5–6 (JTG5-6) propagation model is discussed in the paper along with the...
The 5850–7075MHz band is profoundly utilized for the fixed service such as Terrestrial Systems (TS) and microwave access (WiMAX) in various parts of the world. Nowadays, the High Altitude Platform System (HAPS) became a recognized system in this band. Therefore, terrestrial links are one of the most considerable interference with the HAPS gateway (HAPSGS) links. Hence, the legitimated interference...
In this paper an experimental study on a directional cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) at 5.8 GHz is discussed and presented. Dielectric resonator (DR) ceramic-base material is investigated in the design and it is found that it improves the antenna performance. The dielectric constant of dielectric resonator palette is 55 and it is fed with a 50 Ω microstrip transmission line. The aperture...
Flammability of textile products refers to their burning behaviour, especially ease of ignition and continuous burning after ignition. The main objective of this project is to investigate the effects of fabric softeners on flame resistance of viscose rayon, cotton and linen fabrics. The test conducted in this project was flammability test. The ignition time, the flaming behavior, the duration of flaming,...
In this paper, we propose a novel MAC scheme for broadcasting in IEEE 802.11p/WAVE standard during the CCH periods. We address two problems which lead to the same undesired result: the degradation in control channel performance. The first problem is related to the congestion control and the challenge is viewed in the random backoff mechanism to be adapted for broadcasting messages. It has been evident...
Salat is the practice of formal prayer for Muslims. It involves with both spiritual and physical acts. This paper presents electromyography (EMG) output during the “takbeeratul-ihram (TI)”, one of the postures in Salat and stretching exercise. Comparisons on EMG outputs between TI and stretching exercise are discussed. Ten healthy participants (five males and five females) were recruited for the investigation...
We present analysis of different modulation formats using actual Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) data of deployed fiber links in the metro area in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Simulations have been conducted for comparing the performance of Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ), Return-to-Zero (RZ), Carrier-Suppressed Return-to-Zero (CSRZ), Phase Shaped Binary Transmission (PSBT) and Differential Quadrature Phase...
Pico hydro is a green energy that consumes a small streams to generate electricity without depends on any sources of non-renewable energy. This green scheme offer a cheap, efficient, reliable and cost effective of alternative energy and hence, there is no need to worries about the fuel source, capital cost, pollution and life expectancy. Even though the power generated is less than 5kW, but the benefit...
This paper presents the preliminary findings of the active prosthetic hand designed concept for the Universiti Putra Malaysia. The development process is clearly stated in order to successfully designing the hand prosthesis. The classification of the level of amputation and current standard of hand prosthesis are also included in the design process. The design targets for lower-level upper-limb amputees...
This paper presents structures of 8-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC). The CRC structures are implemented using Linear Feedback Shift Registers (LFSRs) along with Exclusive-OR logic gates. In these structures bank of External Exclusive-ORs (EEORs) are used. To equip the LFSR with primitive characteristic polynomial an algorithmic based search procedure is developed to provide the error detection and...
Gel electrophoresis (GE) is a process of DNA, RNA and protein molecules separation using electric field applied to a gel matrix. This paper describes the image processing techniques applied on GE image to segment the bands from their background. A few pre-processing steps are applied on the image prior to the segmentation technique for the purpose of removing noise in the image. Multilevel thresholding...
A new code family for Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code Division Multiple Assess (SAC-OCDMA) system has been proposed in this paper. The new code family we call it Dynamic Cyclic Shift (DCS) code. The DCS code has many advantages. However, the DCS code can be generated without code parameter limitation. In addition, the shorter code length and variable cross correlation (λc ≤ 1) of the DCS code...
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