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Digital watermarking is a technique adapted to embed patient information as watermark with medical images to reduce storage and transmission overheads. A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission scheme in which multiple antennas are used in both transmitter and receiver has emerged as one of the most significant technical breakthroughs in modern wireless communications. This paper presents...
The whitening-rotation (WR)-based semi-blind methods have been shown to achieve much better channel estimation performance than the conventional training-based methods for MIMO systems. In this paper, the performance analysis is conducted for an ideal WR-based method, in which the knowledge of the ideal whitening matrix is known a priori. This analysis is a valuable study since the ideal WR-based...
The second-order statistics (SOS) of the received signal are very often used in blind and semi-blind channel estimation. In this paper, an analysis of signal perturbation in SOS of the received signal is first conducted, revealling that, even in the noise-free case, some SOS-based blind and semi-blind algorithms are subject to a signal perturbation error. Based on the analysis, a very efficient transmit...
It was shown in our previous work that, in the noise-free case, the whitening-rotation (WR)-based MIMO channel estimation algorithm is subject to a signal perturbation error, justifying that the WR-based method is efficient only in the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) case. In this paper, a very efficient signal-perturbation-free WR-based approach is proposed for semiblind channel estimation of MIMO...
Semi-blind channel estimation as a combination of the training-based or pilot-assisted method and a pure blind approach is considered to be a feasible solution for practical wireless systems due to its better estimation accuracy as well as spectral efficiency. However, in the existing semi-blind channel estimation techniques, the weighting factor employed to trade off the training-based and the blind...
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