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The concept of Solid-State Transformer (SST) is a subject of vivid attention and extensive research in the recent decade, motivated by their potential impact extending well beyond 50 Hz transformers for power distributions. With the introduction of wide band-gap semiconductor devices such as GaN and SiC, it is starting to look more likely to see SST in field applications in the near future. This paper...
This paper presents a systematic design process for an interior permanent magnet machines (IPMM) containing distributed and concentrated windings in the stator and flat shaped and a v-shaped magnets in the rotor. The machine was designed with large pole numbers suitable for low speed application such as direct drive wind turbine. The paper also presents a comprehensive comparison of performances between...
The use of concentrated windings have been gaining popularity for use in permanent magnet machines. Here, the authors have attempted to implement concentrated non-overlapping windings (CNW) with an interior permanent magnet (IPM) rotor. This paper illustrates general procedures for the derivation of machine geometry, material choices as well as thermal considerations for designing IPM machines with...
In this paper, a brief review of methods for measurement of reactance parameters of interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motors is presented. An update of new approaches is also given for extracting saturated parameters Ld, Lq and permanent-magnet flux linkage Lambdamd with arbitrary load conditions for IPM motors. The new procedure starts with the parameter extraction in actual abc reference...
Partial discharge (PD) on low-voltage motors was not recognised as a potential issue until recently. Evolving converter technology has challenged the limit of LV insulation systems. Possible reliability issues have been recognised due to PDs, especially for inter-turn insulation. PD is related to the extension of standard 415 V insulation systems to PWM inverter fed applications on 415 V and 690 V...
This paper illustrates a general design process used for implementing non-overlapping concentrated windings in an interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine for field weakening applications. This design process was verified by finite element analysis (FEA) of a 18-slot, 14-pole model. The optimization process of torque and field weakening performance resulted in a design with thin inter-pole link sections...
Due to limited space availability in vehicular applications, machines with high torque density are required. One of the ways to maximize space is by reducing machine end winding length and increasing its effective stack length. This paper illustrates a general design process used for implementing non-overlapping concentrated windings an interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine for field weakening applications...
It is evident that winding inductance is a key design parameter, hence understanding how it varies with different winding types is essential. This paper presents a proposed finite element (FE) method in which the d- and q- axis inductances of the IPM machine with fractional-slot concentrated windings can be accurately determined. The effects that fractional-slot concentrated windings has on the d-...
In part I of this analysis, an overview of concentrated windings and open-circuit characteristics of its implementation on the IPM machine was covered. In this paper, analysis is performed on the same three winding configurations used in part I, but with the effects of armature excitation. MMF waveforms and harmonics, self-and mutual-inductance waveforms, saliency ratio, torque and power versus speed...
The implementation of concentrated windings in interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines has numerous advantages over distributed windings, with the disadvantage being mainly the decrease in saliency ratio. This paper presents a proposed finite element (FE) method in which the d- and q-axis inductances (Ld and Lq) of the IPM machine with fractional-slot concentrated windings can be accurately determined...
The application of concentrated windings in permanent magnet machines significantly reduces overall machine length, due to the elimination of end winding overlap making it more suitable for areas with space limitations. Efficiency is also increased due to the reduction of copper loss. In order to take full advantage of these benefits, optimization strategies have been implemented and its effects are...
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