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Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) is an attractive technique for characterizing the structure of shale at length scales less than 100nm that are relevant to the storage and transport of hydrocarbons. The fine structure of hydrocarbon-bearing shale is in large part governed by the mass fraction and thermal maturity of the immobile organic phase known as kerogen. To correctly interpret and normalize...
Two novel sorbents (i.e. “regenerated sorbent” and “supersorbent”) for dry flue gas desulfurization were tested, and by-products characterized, using a pilot-scale version of the Ohio State Carbonation and Ash Reactivation (OSCAR) process. The main elements of the process consisted of sorbent production, a riser reactor, cyclone and baghouse. Trace elements, including As, Se and Hg, were found at...
In this paper representative samples of four differing types of biomass char are studied and contrasted in terms of their solid state char chemistry and liberated organic compounds on rapid heating by laser pyrolysis. Specifically, we investigate Avicel cellulose, citrus peel pectin, birch wood xylan and organosolv lignin. These substrates are studied in their uncharred form as well as after charring...
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