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We investigate the effects of large signal dynamics and extinction ratio on the quality of 56 Gbps PAM-4 modulation with 1310 nm, 25G class directly modulated lasers.
Erbium-ytterbium disilicate films were grown on SiO2/Si substrate by magnetron sputtering method. Intense 974 nm emission was observed in the ErxYb2−xSi2O7 films by room temperature photoluminescence tests. The 974 nm emission was mainly from the transition 2F7/2 to 2F5/2 level of Yb3+ upon exploring energy-transfer via up-conversion (ETU) at Er3+4I13/2 level. The ETU process at Er3+4I13/2 level...
In this paper, we propose a distributed fault localization protocol, called parallel limited perimeter vector matching (P-LVM) protocol, for localizing multi-link failures in all-optical networks. The P-LVM protocol is based on the limited perimeter vector matching (LVM) protocol for localizing single-link failures in all-optical networks. To handle multi-link failures, it tries to separate each failure...
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