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The primate motor cortex consists of efferent zones which receive sensory information from a portion of limb in close anatomical relation to the muscle to which they project. To investigate a similar input-output relation in humans, we studied the effect of tactile stimuli on the size of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic and electrical stimulation. For tactile stimuli...
We applied magnetic stimulation of the corticospinal tract at the foramen magnum level to 19 patients with various neurological disorders. This magnetic stimulation method activated the affected corticospinal tract as does electrical stimulation, but with less discomfort. The results were consistent with our speculation that activation occurs at the foramen magnum level. This method was clinically...
We studied the effect of acoustic stimulus on the motor cortex in 7 normal volunteers using a randomized conditioning-test paradigm. We used a tone burst (110 dB, 0.5 Hz, 110 ms) as a conditioning acoustic stimulus. Cortical magnetic or electrical stimuli were given as a test stimulus. Electromyographic (EMG) responses were recorded from the active first dorsal interosseous muscle with surface up...
Spontaneous muscle jerks appeared in the left arm muscles a half year after the episode of Russian spring summer encephalitis (RSSE) in a 38-yr-old woman. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) showed small spikes on the right hemisphere which sometimes associated with the jerks. Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) analysis disclosed that most of these spikes originated from the right motor cortex. Jerk-locked averaging...
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of subthreshold intensity is reported to shorten the simple reaction time (SRT) in normal subjects and more markedly in Parkinsonian patients. We became aware that the same effect is obtained by peripheral electrical stimulation applied to the skin, and investigated the mechanism of this shortening.Five Parkinsonian patients and five normal subjects performed...
Cortical myoclonus is associated with cortical activity preceding the myoclonus. In order to estimated the generator of this activity, we studied patients with cortical myoclonus using 37-channel first-order DC-SQUID gradiometer systems (Magnes, BTi Co Ltd).The subjects were seven patients with cortical reflex myoclonus with giant somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and one with epilepsia partialis...
A 27-year-old man with Behcet's disease presented with dyskinesia of the right hand and leg, but without paresis. MRI showed a discrete lesion in the internal segment of the left globus pallidus. SPECT (single photon emission tomography) disclosed increased perfusion in the hand and leg area of the left motor cortex and ipsilateral thalamus compared to that of the corresponding regions on the right...
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