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This case study demonstrates the change of sensory cortical representations of the residual parts of the arm in an individual who underwent a trans-humeral amputation and subsequent targeted reinnervation (TR). As a relatively new surgical technique, TR restores a direct neural connection from amputated sensorimotor nerves to specific target muscles. This method has been successfully applied to upper-limb...
Brain-computer interface (BCI) is currently developed as an alternative technology with a potential to restore lost motor function in patients with neurological injuries. In this paper, we describe an integrated system of a non-invasive electroencephalogram (EEG)-based BCI with a non-invasive functional electrical stimulation (FES). This system enables the direct brain control of upper limbs to achieve...
Previous studies have postulated that the amount of brain reorganization following peripheral injuries may be correlated with negative symptoms or consequences. However, it is unknown whether restoring effective limb function may then be associated with further changes in the expression of this reorganization. Recently, targeted reinnervation (TR), a surgical technique that restores a direct neural...
This case study demonstrates the ability of sensory cortical representations to remap following arm amputation and subsequent targeted reinnervation (TR). Previous human studies have demonstrated functional plasticity in the primary sensory cortex months or years after amputation of the upper arm, forearm, the hand or a single finger, or after subsequent replantation. Targeted reinnervation, a surgical...
This paper focuses on the problem of how time-frequency representation influences the generalization ability of the `synthesized time-frequency spatial pattern (TFSP)' algorithm in brain computer interface (BCI) for classification. TFSP methods use time-frequency analysis to extract features in both time and frequency domains. Different time-frequency analysis methods have been used before. However,...
When chronic, hemiparetic stroke survivors make reaching movements while lifting the paretic arm against gravity, their ability to generate the necessary independent joint movements for reaching degrades dramatically due to abnormal muscle coactivation patterns that couple shoulder abduction with elbow flexion. The neural mechanisms behind the appearance of abnormal coordination patterns during post-stroke...
In this study, we introduced a new index, namely overlap index, to quantify the spatial resolution of cortical activity for muscle coordination based on the measurement of EEG-EMG coherence during a motor task. By applying this index on 4 control and 4 hemisphere chronic stroke subjects we successfully identified that there is a significantly increased overlap between biceps brachii at the elbow and...
In this study, we introduced a new index, namely overlap index, to quantify the spatial resolution of cortical activity for muscle coordination based on the measurement of EEG-EMG coherence during a motor task. By applying this index on 4 control and 4 hemisphere chronic stroke subjects we successfully identified that there is a significantly increased overlap between biceps brachii at the elbow and...
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