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With a similar capability of processing spikes as biological neural systems, networks of spiking neurons are expected to achieve a performance similar to that of living brains. In recent days, many great achievements have been made in spiking neuron models and its learning algorithm. We build an integrated model using spiking neural networks (SNNs), which performs phase encoding method and delay learning-based...
Country risk is a quite important factor for international investment. Many institutions and researchers try to assess country risk by using numerous indicators and various evaluation models. This paper investigates the dynamic behavior of country risk in order to offer more detailed information of country risk to investors. First, country beta is taken as the proxy of country risk. Second, dynamic...
Based on risk factor method, a model for building dependence among risk factors is discussed for assessing schedule risk of software project. Three main risk factors which influence software schedule are described. Copula method is used to model the dependence among risk factor, and Monte Carlo method is adopted to simulate the schedule risk model. The empirical results from a Communication Corporation...
In the Basel II Accord, banks are encouraged to use the Advanced Measurement Approach (AMA), which is suitable for banks to assess operational risk capital, but banks are required to demonstrate their ability to capture severe tail loss events. In this paper, based on the 860 operational risk loss data of Chinese commercial banks collected from public reports from 1995 to 2006, we found that the sample...
This paper quantifies the risk-return spectrum of the FSU' oil economies, which are of high potential as China's major crude oil-importing sources, and explores the influence of introducing the relative risk weights on the changes of the risk-return spectrum. The results show that when the risk preference of decision-makers is considered, the risk-return spectrum of the FSU turns into the low-risk...
The paper is concerned with a real time simulation management and forecasting system for water diversion infrastructure project. The Wanjiazhai Yellow River Diversion Project is a large-scale inter-basin water diversion undertaking with the target capability of transferring 1,200 million m3 of water annually. The project is one of many strategic measures to alleviate water shortage problems in the...
Process-based terrestrial ecosystem models inevitably need model initialization and parameters specification. In this study, remotely sensed surface soil moisture derived from near infrared and shortwave infrared bands was assimilated in BEPS (Boreal Ecosystem Production Simulator) to initialize soil moisture in BEPS and fine-tune BEPS key parameters which are closely related to soil moisture estimation...
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