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The enantiomeric separation of type I (bifenthrin, BF) and type II (lambda‐cyhalothrin, LCT) pyrethroid insecticides on Lux Cellulose‐1, Lux Cellulose‐3, and Chiralpak IC chiral columns was investigated by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. Methanol/water or acetonitrile/water was used as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The effects of chiral stationary phase, mobile...
Alpha‐cypermethrin (α‐CP), [(RS)‐a‐cyano‐3‐phenoxy benzyl (1RS)‐cis‐3‐(2, 2‐dichlorovinyl)‐2, 2‐dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate], comprises a diastereoisomer pair of cypermethrin, which are (+)‐(1R‐cis‐αS)–CP (insecticidal) and (−)‐(1S‐cis‐αR)–CP (inactive). In this experiment, the stereoselective degradation of α‐CP was investigated in rat liver microsomes by high‐performance liquid chromatography...
Myclobutanil, (RS)‐2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐2‐(1H‐1, 2, 4‐triazol‐1‐ylmethyl) hexanenitrile is a widely used triazole fungicide. In this study, enantioselective metabolism and cytotoxicity were investigated in rat hepatocytes by chiral HPLC‐MS/MS and the methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, respectively. Furthermore, tryptophan metabolism disturbance in rat hepatocytes after myclobutanil exposure was also evaluated...
Myclobutanil, (RS)‐2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐2‐(1H‐1, 2, 4‐triazol‐1‐ylmethyl)hexanenitrile is a broad‐spectrum systemic triazole fungicide which consists of a pair of enantiomers. The stereoselective degradation of myclobutanil was investigated in rat liver microsomes. The concentrations of myclobutanil enantiomers were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a cellulose‐tris‐(3,5‐dimethyl‐phenylcarbamate)‐based...
In the present study we investigated the enantioselective disappearance of hexaconazole in rat liver microsomes system prepared from both genders. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for identification and quantification. The degradation of the (+)‐hexaconazole was faster than that of the (−)‐hexaconazole in racemic hexaconazole and single enantiomer incubation in both sexes. The...
Sulfated cyclofructan 6 (S‐CF6) and sulfated cyclodextrins (S‐α‐, β‐, γ‐CDs) are highly selective chiral selectors for the enantioseparation of basic solutes. In this study, S‐CF6 was introduced for the enantiomeric separation of four basic pharmaceuticals (including tamsulosin, tiropramide, bupivacaine, and norephedrine) by capillary electrophoresis (CE), and the enantiomeric separation performance...
In this contribution, the enantioselective interactions between diclofop (DC) and human serum albumin (HSA) were explored by steady‐state and 3D fluorescence, ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐vis), and molecular modeling. The binding constants between R‐DC and HSA were 0.9213 × 105, 0.9118 × 105, and 0.9009 × 105 L · mol‐1 at 293, 303, 313 K, respectively. Moreover, the binding constants of S‐DC...
The stereoselective metabolism of lactofen in primary rat hepatocytes was studied using a chiral high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. Rac‐lactofen and its two enantiomers, S‐(+)‐ and R‐(−)‐lactofen, as well as two of its major metabolites, acifluorfen, S‐(+)‐ and R‐(−)‐desethyl lactofen, were used as substrates,. The single and joint cytotoxicity of parent compounds and the metabolites...
Enantioselectivity in ecotoxicity of chiral pesticides in the aquatic environment has been a subject of growing interest. In this study, the toxicological impacts of hexaconazole enantiomers were investigated with freshwater algae Scenedesmus obliquus. After 96 h of exposure, the EC50 values for rac‐hexaconazole, (+)‐hexaconazole, and (−)‐hexaconazole were 0.178, 0.355, and 0.065 mg l−1, respectively...
Hexaconazole [(RS)‐2‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl) hexan‐2‐ol] is a potent triazole fungicide and consists of a pair of enantiomers. Enantioselective degradation of hexaconazole was investigated in rat hepatic microsomes in vitro. Concentrations of (−)‐ and (+)‐hexaconazole and enantiomer fraction were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with a cellulose‐tris‐(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate)‐based...
The aim of this study was to assess the stereoselectivity of two tebuconazole [(RS)‐1‐p‐chlorophenyl‐4,4‐dimethyl‐3‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐ylmethyl)pentan‐3‐ol] enantiomers in in vitro system (rat liver microsomes). The analytes were extracted with acetic ether and concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a cellulose tris(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate)‐based...
The stereoselective metabolism of the enantiomers of fenoxaprop‐ethyl (FE) and its primary chiral metabolite fenoxaprop (FA) in rabbits in vivo and in vitro was studied based on a validated chiral high‐performance liquid chromatography method. The information of in vivo metabolism was obtained by intravenous administration of racemic FE, racemic FA, and optically pure (−)‐(S)‐FE and (+)‐(R)‐FE separately...
We investigated the stereoselective degradation kinetics of fluroxypyr methylheptyl ester (FPMH) in rabbits using a chiral high‐performance liquid chromatographic method. In 20% rabbit plasma, the half lives of (+)‐FPMH and (−)‐FPMH were 2.5 and 10.9 min, respectively. Thus, the enantioselective degradation was faster for (+)‐FPMH than for (−)‐FPMH in rabbit plasma in vitro, and there was no chiral...
Benalaxyl (BX), methyl‐N‐phenylacetyl‐N‐2,6‐xylyl alaninate, is a potent acylanilide fungicide and consist of a pair of enantiomers. The stereoselective metabolism of BX was investigated in rat and rabbit microsomes in vitro. The degradation kinetics and the enantiomer fraction (EF) were determined using normal high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and a cellulose‐tris‐(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate)‐based...
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