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In recent years, nanofluids have been proposed as efficient coolant fluids and as a means to filter sunlight for PV/T systems. In the present study, a new, cascading nanofluid-based PV/T configuration with separate channels is proposed, where one channel controls the optical properties while the other enhances heat removal from the PV cells. That is, the first nanofluid, optical nanofluid, acts as...
Presently, the industrial sector is responsible for 21% of energy consumption in Morocco. Fully aware about the challenge of reducing energy consumption and related CO2 emissions by industries, Moroccan authorities have legislated under the new law (n° 47-09 related to energy efficiency) the obligation of energy audit in Moroccan industries. In such a context, this paper is a Level II energy audit...
A tubular solid oxide fuel cell is designed to evaluate its current/voltage characteristics for validating an isothermal model. The model is divided into six subsystems. It can simulate performance based on mass/momentum transfer, diffusion through porous media, electrochemical reactions, polarization losses and heat generation inside the subsystems. The significance of this investigation involves...
Usage of thermal energy storage (TES) for storing energy is a favourable technology which is used in current years. The normal TES in building applications is water which is used in the heating system. Recently, PCM technology improvement helps to use different types of PCMs for increasing energy and exergy efficiency of TES system. In this present work, the effect of different PCMs with different...
Grate coolers are widely used in cement industries to recover heat from hot clinker, coming out from the rotary kiln. This study focuses on improving the energy, exergy and recovery efficiencies of a grate cooling system through the optimization of its operational parameters such as masses of cooling air and clinker, cooling air temperature, and grate speed. It has been found that the energy and recovery...
Chillers consume more than 40% of the total energy used in the commercial and industrial buildings for space conditioning. In this paper, energy consumption by chillers and chilled water pumps, condenser pumps and fan motors has been estimated using data collected by a walkthrough energy audit for the 16 faculties of the University of Malaya. It has been estimated that chillers and motors and pumps...
Electric motors consume in between 30% and 80% of the total industrial energy use for few selected countries around the world. It was identified that many motors are operated under loaded conditions. In some cases, motors are operated even at 3–16% of their full loads. These low loads can be optimized with the application of variable speed drives (VSD) to match the load requirements. Based on the...
The wind resource is a crucial step in planning a wind energy project and detailed knowledge of the wind characteristic at a site is needed to estimate the performance of a wind energy project. In this paper, with the help of 2-parameter Weibull distribution, the assessment of wind energy potentiality at Kudat and Labuan in 2006–2008 was carried out. “WRPLOT” software has been used to show the wind...
Electric motors consume 30–80% of total industrial energy around the world. This study estimates the economic viability of replacing rewound and standard motors with high efficiency motors (HEMs) in the industrial sector. The efficiency of a motor is degraded when it is rewound and it is better to rewind a larger motor compared with a smaller motor. It was found that a HEM can save on average 5.5%...
The commercial sector consumes 8–50% of the total energy consumption for a few selected countries around the world. An energy audit was conducted in a Malaysian public hospital to identify energy using equipment and their energy consumption breakdown. Different energy saving measures have been identified and applied for electrical motors used in this hospital. It was estimated that this hospital consumed...
The industrial sector is the second largest consumer of energy in Malaysia. In this energy audit, the most important parameters that have been collected are as follows: power rating and operation time of energy-consuming equipments/machineries; fossil fuel and other sources of energy use; production figure; peak and off-peak tariff usage behavior and power factor. These data were then analyzed to...
Refrigerator-freezers play an important role in the preservation of perishable food in warm and humid climates. Experiments were conducted in a controlled chamber to investigate the effects of the ambient temperature, cabinet load, thermostat setting and an open surface water pan on the heat transfer and energy consumption of refrigerators. The operating variables have strongly influence the heat...
The Malaysian economy has grown rapidly in the last two decades. This growth has increased the ownership of household electrical appliances, especially refrigerator-freezers. Almost every house in Malaysia owns a refrigerator-freezer. The Malaysia Energy Center considered implementing a minimum energy efficiency standard for household refrigerator-freezers sometime in the coming year. This paper attempts...
ISO 8187, ISO 8561, and ISO 7371 are the relevant test standards for household refrigerating appliances. This paper presents the possibility of introducing ISO household refrigerator-freezer test standards in Malaysia. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of room temperature, door opening, thermostat setting position, relative humidity, and loading on energy consumption of a household...
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