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Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a putative systemic rejuvenation factor. In this study, we characterized the mechanism by which GDF11 reversed aging of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In culture, aged MSCs proliferate slower and are positive for senescence markers senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase and P16ink4a. They have shortened telomeres, decreased GDF11 expression, and reduced osteogenic...