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High-dose, high-energy particle radiation induces significant microstructural damage in metallic materials. Free surfaces are ideal sinks for radiation-induced defects. Hence, nanoporous materials with abundant free surfaces may have outstanding radiation tolerance. This review summarizes recent studies on the interactions of defect clusters with free surfaces, and the influence of free surfaces and...
A corrosion investigation of friction stir linear lap welded AM60B joints used to fabricate an Mg alloy-intensive automotive front end sub-assembly was performed. The stir zone exhibited a slightly refined grain size and significant break-up and re-distribution of the divorced Mg17Al12 (β-phase) relative to the base material. Exposures in NaCl (aq) environments revealed that the stir zone was more...
Neutron and heavy ion irradiations generally induce voids in metallic materials, and continuous radiations typically result in void swelling and mechanical failure of the irradiated materials. Recent experiments showed that nanovoids in nanotwinned copper could act as sinks for radiation-induced Frank loops, significantly mitigating radiation damage. In this paper, we report on structural evolution...
Although abundant phase transformations are in general thermally driven processes, there are many examples wherein stresses can induce phase transformations. Numerous in situ techniques, such as in situ x-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction, have been applied to reveal phase transformations. Recently, an in situ nanoindentation technique coupled with transmission electron microscopy demonstrated...
Due to limitations on the availability of rare earth elements it is imperative that new high energy product rare earth free permanent magnet materials are developed for the next generation of energy systems. One promising low cost permanent magnet candidate for a high energy magnet is α″-Fe16N2, whose giant magnetic moment has been predicted to be well above any other from conventional first principles...
Certain nanotwinned (nt) metals have rare combinations of high mechanical strength and ductility. In this article, we review recent in situ nanoindentation studies (using transmission electron microscopes) on the deformation mechanisms of nt face-centered cubic metals including Cu, Ni, and Al with a wide range of stacking fault energy (SFE). In nt Cu with low-to-intermediate SFE, detwinning (accompanied...
Epitaxial thin films of nanotwinned face-centered cubic metals such as Cu possess an unprecedented combination of high hardness and high electrical conductivity due to the unique structure of nanometer-spaced coherent twin boundaries. Recent studies of in-situ nanoindentation in a transmission electron microscope have provided new insights on the deformation behavior of nanotwins that are reviewed...
Metallic multilayers are good model systems to explore the effects of heterophase interfaces in reducing radiation damage in structural materials. We summarize recent studies on radiation damage in immiscible face-centered cubic/body-centered cubic metallic multilayers, in particular Cu/V and Cu/Nb. These multilayers have shown unique characteristics compared to bulk metals under irradiation, including...
This article reviews recent studies on the mechanical properties of sputtered copper and 330 stainless-steel films with {111} nanoscale growth twins preferentially oriented perpendicular to growth direction. The mechanisms of formation of growth twins during sputtering, unusually high strengths, and excellent thermal stability of nanotwinned structures are highlighted.
Interfaces act as obstacles to slip and sinks for radiation-induced defects. Hence, nanolayered composites that contain a large volume fraction of interfaces provide over an order of magnitude increase in strength and enhanced radiation damage tolerance compared to bulk materials. This paper shows the experimental and atomistic modeling results from a Cu-Nb nanolayered composite to highlight the roles...
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