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Background
The progression of prostate cancer is a complex, multistep process that involves molecular alterations in cells of the tumor and the microenvironment, with associated interactions between the stroma and epithelium. Genomic expression analyses of stromal infiltration markers were performed to determine the significance thereof in prostate cancer.
Methods
Genome‐wide expression profiles...
Background
There is substantial variation in head and neck cancer (HNC) mortality and competing mortality among patients with HNC. In this study, the authors characterize the causes and risks of short‐term mortality among patients with oropharynx cancer (OPC) and how these risks differ by human papillomavirus (HPV) status.
Methods
A custom Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data...
Background
An older age at the diagnosis of prostate cancer has been linked to worse prostate cancer–specific survival (PCSS). However, these studies were conducted before the approval of many life‐prolonging drugs. This study was aimed at describing outcomes in a contemporary cohort of men diagnosed with de novo metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) and assessing associations with the age at diagnosis...
Background
A possible surveillance model for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) who received definitive radiotherapy was created using a partially observed Markov decision process. The goal of this model is to guide surveillance imaging policies after definitive radiotherapy.
Methods
The partially observed Markov decision process model was formulated to determine the optimal times to scan...
Background
We sought to determine the extent to which US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) 2012 Grade D recommendations against prostate‐specific antigen screening may have impacted recent prostate cancer disease incidence patterns in the United States across stage, National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk groups, and age groups.
Methods
SEER*Stat version 8.3.4 was used to calculate...
Background
There are a growing number of cancer survivors in the United States who are at risk for chronic pain due to cancer disease and treatments. The prevalence of chronic pain among cancer survivors has not been comprehensively reported.
Methods
This study used data from the National Health Interview Survey (2010‐2017) to compare the prevalence of chronic pain between participants with a cancer...
Background
Although patients with prostate cancer face many treatment options, to the authors' knowledge the comparative effects of different surgical and radiotherapy (RT) options on sexual function are unclear.
Methods
In the current study, a population‐based cohort of 835 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer from 2011 through 2013 was recruited throughout North Carolina in collaboration...
Background
Preventable complications and readmissions after cystectomy may be detectable via postoperative monitoring of patient‐reported outcomes (PROs). However, no study has defined meaningful PROs or the use of mobile communication devices (mobile health [mHealth]) to capture them. The objectives of this study were to determine which high‐priority PROs influence patients' perioperative experience,...
Background
Management for men aged ≤55 years with low‐risk prostate cancer (LRPC) is debated given quality‐of‐life implications with definitive treatment versus the potential missed opportunity for cure with conservative management. The objective of this study was to define rates of conservative management for LRPC and associated short‐term outcomes in young versus older men in the United States...
Background
Universal tumor testing for defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is recommended for all women diagnosed with endometrial cancer to identify those with underlying Lynch syndrome. However, the effectiveness of these screening methods in identifying individuals with Lynch syndrome across the population has not been well studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes of MMR immunohistochemistry...
Background
Certain patients with intermediate‐risk prostate cancer (PCa) may be appropriate candidates for active surveillance (AS). In the current study, the authors sought to characterize AS use and early mortality outcomes for patients with intermediate‐risk PCa in the United States.
Methods
The novel Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Active Surveillance/Watchful Waiting database identified...
Background
The current study was performed to assess the efficacy of surveillance imaging in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) who are treated definitively with radiotherapy.
Methods
Eligible patients included those with a demonstrable disease‐free interval (≥1 follow‐up imaging procedure without evidence of disease and a subsequent visit/imaging procedure) who underwent treatment of HNC...
Background
Two patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) of swallowing and their correlation to quality of life (QOL) were compared in long‐term survivors of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC).
Methods
Scores on the single dysphagia item from the 28‐item, multisymptom MD Anderson Symptom Inventory‐Head and Neck (MDASI‐HN‐S) were compared with scores on the dysphagia‐specific composite MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory...
Background
The objective of the current study was to characterize the incidence, pattern, and impact on oncologic outcomes of retropharyngeal lymph node (RPLN) involvement in HPV‐associated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC).
Methods
Data regarding patients with HPV‐associated OPC who were treated at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy from 2004 through...
Background
There are race‐based differences in bladder cancer survival. To better understand this phenomenon, this study was designed to assess the statistical contributions of tumor, treatment, and access variables to race‐based differences in survival.
Methods
Data were extracted from the National Cancer Data Base on black and white adults with muscle‐invasive bladder cancer from 2004 to 2015...
BACKGROUND
Central nervous system Langerhans cell histiocytosis (CNS‐LCH) brain involvement may include mass lesions and/or a neurodegenerative disease (LCH‐ND) of unknown etiology. The goal of this study was to define the mechanisms of pathogenesis that drive CNS‐LCH.
METHODS
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers including CSF proteins and extracellular BRAFV600E DNA were analyzed in CSF from patients...
BACKGROUND
There are few published studies to guide the treatment of carcinoma metastatic to the neck from an unknown primary (CUP). In this regard, the objective of the current study was to share the authors' current experience treating patients with CUP using intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), which principally targeted both sides of the neck, the nasopharynx, and the oropharynx.
METHODS...
BACKGROUND
Time to treatment initiation (TTI) is increasing and is associated with worsening survival. In the current study, the authors sought to identify a mechanism for this relationship by assessing the effect of TTI on clinical‐to‐pathologic upstaging in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
METHODS
Using the National Cancer Data Base, the authors analyzed patients receiving...
BACKGROUND
Definitive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) represents an emerging and debated treatment option for patients with prostate cancer, with potential economic savings and reports of short‐term efficacy since 2006. The current study sought to define national trends in definitive prostate SBRT use and determine whether patterns vary by travel distance for treatment.
METHODS
The National...
BACKGROUND
In the current national debate regarding private insurance versus Medicaid expansion, understanding how insurance is associated with racial disparities in prostate cancer (CaP) outcomes has broad policy implications. In the current study, the authors examined the association between insurance status, race, and CaP outcomes.
METHODS
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program...
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