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Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Emerging reports have suggested that racial and socioeconomic disparities influence the outcomes of patients with GBM. No studies to date have investigated these disparities controlling for isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation and O‐6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) status.
Methods
Adult patients with...
Background
Immune‐checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an effective therapeutic strategy, improving the survival of patients with lung cancer compared with conventional treatments. However, novel predictive biomarkers are needed to stratify which patients derive clinical benefit because the currently used and highly heterogenic histological PD‐L1 has shown low accuracy. Liquid biopsy is the analysis...
Black men are disproportionately affected by prostate cancer (PCa), with earlier presentation, more aggressive disease, and higher mortality rates versus White men. Furthermore, Black men have less access to PCa treatment and experience longer delays between diagnosis and treatment. In this review, the authors discuss the factors contributing to racial disparities and present solutions to improve...
Background
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a refractory disease; however, modern cytotoxic chemotherapeutics can induce tumor regression and extend life. A blood‐based, pharmacogenomic, chemosensitivity assay using gene expression profiling of circulating tumor and invasive cells (CTICs) to predict treatment response was previously developed. The combination regimen of 5‐fluorouracil, leucovorin,...
BACKGROUND
Despite significant sexual dysfunction and distress after localized prostate cancer treatment, patients typically receive only physiologic erectile dysfunction management. The authors performed a randomized controlled trial of an online intervention supporting couples' posttreatment recovery of sexual intimacy.
METHODS
Patients treated with surgery, radiation, or combined radiation and...
Background
Hispanic/Latinx smokers living in the United States face unique challenges in quitting smoking. This study evaluated the efficacy of a culturally relevant, Spanish‐language, extended self‐help smoking cessation intervention among Hispanic smokers.
Methods
A 2‐arm parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted with Hispanic/Latinx smokers living in the United States who preferred...
Background
Data on primary hypothyroidism and its long‐term impact on the health, cognition, and quality of life (QOL) of childhood cancer survivors are limited. This study examined the prevalence of and risk factors for primary hypothyroidism and its associations with physical, neurocognitive, and psychosocial outcomes.
Methods
This was a retrospective study with a cross‐sectional health outcome...
Background
This study was conducted to identify clinicodemographic risk factors for xerostomia among long‐term oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) survivors.
Methods
This cross‐sectional study included 906 disease‐free, adult OPC survivors with a median survival duration at the time of survey of 6 years (range, 1‐16 years); self‐reported xerostomia scores were available for 877 participants. Study participants...
Background
Patients with locoregionally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) have a poor survival outcome. Treatment involves extensive surgery, adjuvant radiation, or chemoradiation and results in high morbidity. In this study, the authors' objective was to evaluate their experience with induction chemotherapy (IC) in the treatment of locoregionally advanced OCSCC.
Methods
A retrospective...
Background
Massachusetts is a northeastern state with universally mandated health insurance since 2006. Although Black men have generally worse prostate cancer outcomes, emerging data suggest that they may experience equivalent outcomes within a fully insured system. In this setting, the authors analyzed treatments and outcomes of non‐Hispanic White and Black men in Massachusetts.
Methods
White...
BACKGROUND
For men with radiation‐managed prostate cancer, there is conflicting evidence regarding the association between androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM), particularly among those who have with preexisting comorbidities. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between ADT and CVM across patient comorbidity status using prospectively collected...
Radiation therapy exerts a tumoricidal local effect as well as both local and systemic immunomodulation. Immune checkpoint blockade has become a widely used treatment modality across cancer types with a rapidly growing list of agents and US Food and Drug Administration‐approved indications. Moreover, there may be synergy between radiation therapy and immune checkpoint blockade. Various strategies...
Background
Risk of recurrence among patients with oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) who survive 5 years is low. The goal of this study was to assess long‐term survival of patients with OPC alive without recurrence 5 years after diagnosis.
Methods
This study included newly diagnosed patients with OPC, who had been treated with radiation and were alive without recurrence 5 years after diagnosis. Overall...
Background
Current guidelines endorse shared decision making (SDM) for prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening. The relationship between a patient's health literacy (HL) and SDM remains unclear. In the current study, the authors sought to identify the impact of HL on the rates of PSA screening and on the relationship between HL and SDM following the 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations...
Background
Abstaining from smoking after a cancer diagnosis is critical to mitigating the risk of multiple adverse health outcomes. Although many patients with cancer attempt to quit smoking, the majority relapse. The current randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of adapting an evidence‐based smoking relapse prevention (SRP) intervention for patients with cancer.
Methods
The trial...
Background
Patients with ovarian cancer who are enrolled on phase 1 trials typically have platinum‐resistant and heavily pretreated disease, with a poor prognosis. In the current study, the authors assessed prognostic factors and survival in women with recurrent ovarian cancer who were treated on phase 1 clinical trials.
Methods
The authors performed a retrospective analysis of patients treated...
Background
De‐intensified treatment strategies for early human papillomavirus–positive (HPV+) oropharynx cancer (OPC) rely on selecting patients with an excellent prognosis. The criterion for enrollment in current de‐intensification trials is ≤10 pack‐years. More nuance to the pack‐year criteria may expand enrollment, improve patient outcomes, and prevent overtreatment. It was hypothesized that patients...
Background
A subgroup of men with favorable high‐risk prostate cancer (T1c with either a Gleason score of 4 + 4 = 8 and a prostate‐specific antigen [PSA] level <10 ng/mL or a Gleason score of 6 and a PSA level >20 ng/mL) has been associated with improved outcomes in comparison with other standard high‐risk patients. This study was designed to validate the prognostic utility of a subclassification...
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