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Carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers were strengthened by wet stretching with 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) or chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) as the wetting liquid, and the change of hierarchical structure of CNT fibers was observed at a nanometer level. Two kinds of voids were present in a CNT fiber: inter-bundle void and intra-bundle void. Wet stretching was a very effective method to aggregate CNT bundles...
The unique properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) allow them to be used in various optical applications, such as ultra-dark surfaces, bolometers, metamaterial cloaks, and anisotropic absorbers. In particular, organization of CNTs with controlled density at the sub-micrometer scale could enable new strategies to engineer optically active surfaces. Here, we present a new strategy to engineer the density-dependent...
The application of graphene as a two-dimensional nano-material has gained wide interest in different research areas, but its use is still novel for scientists. There has been continuous progress in the development of different synthesis methods to readily produce graphene at a lower cost. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a powerful process to produce graphene, and it is accompanied by other methods...
Next-generation electronics require mechanical flexibility and durability as well as electrical conductivity. In this report, few-layer graphene and polyelectrolytes were assembled into ultrathin films on flexible plastic substrates by a simple and cost-effective layer-by-layer technique. This technique integrated high electrical conductivity and excellent oxygen barrier property into a single film...
We report the synthesis of carbon nanotube (CNT) forests with a narrow diameter distribution based on Fe ion implantation method. By annealing the Fe-implanted SiO2/Si wafer in an Ar atmosphere at 800 °C for 15 min, the Fe particles on the surface of SiO2 layer are successfully formed by the diffusion of Fe atoms from the SiO2 layer. Interestingly, the size distribution of Fe catalyst particles for...
The use of metal oxides in carbon-based supercapacitors (SCs) is regarded as an efficient strategy to obtain enhanced capacity. However, the poor cycle stability of pseudocapacitive metal oxides and the low capacitance of carbon-based materials limit the performance of SC. In this work, charcoal-derived activated carbon (CAC) is obtained by KOH activation and CO2 activation of various durations, and...
Because of their outstanding features such as safety, long cycle life, and design flexibility, vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) have attracted much attention from those involved in the development of electrical energy-storage system. However, the performance of VRFBs remains limited due to their significant polarization. Here, we report a new fabrication method for highly porous graphenated graphite...
In non-aqueous Li–O2 batteries, relatively large amounts of discharge products are formed on air cathodes. As such, the expansion of air cathodes is a critical issue that remains to be solved. Here, we report the fabrication of highly porous free-standing graphene paper by introducing macropores within the paper using polystyrene colloidal particles as a sacrificial template. The as-prepared macroporous...
Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by a modified Hummers’ method. GO was modified using a simple CO2 pressure swing technique to obtain exfoliated GO. The microcrystalline structures and morphologies were characterized using the X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope/transmission electron microscope measurements. The textural properties were investigated by N2 (77K) adsorption/desorption...
Expanded graphites (EGs) with various interlayer distances were combined with molten erythritol and then erythritol/EG composites as phase change materials (PCMs) and the composites were prepared by a simple blending and impregnating method. The effects of the additives of various interlayer distances of EGs on thermal behaviors were investigated by a thermal equilibrium technique. The latent heat...
An easy method for preparing polymer-grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with high graft yields was developed by using free radical graft polymerization (FRGP) from photoinduced surface initiating groups on MWCNTs. The surface initiating groups were first formed by UV irradiation of MWCNTs previously modified with 2,2′-azobis[2-methyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)propionamide] (VA-086) (MWCNTs-OH)...
The structure and the electrical, mechanical and optical properties of few-layer graphene (FLG) synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a Ni-coated substrate were studied. Atomic resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM) images show highly crystalline single-layer parts of the sample changing to multi-layer domains where crystal boundaries are connected by chemical bonds. This suggests...
Platinum loaded carbon aerogel catalysts for application in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells have been synthesized from the alcoholic sol–gel reaction of phloroglucinol with furfural using propylene oxide as a reducing agent of platinum salt, followed by supercritical drying with carbon dioxide. Subsequent carbonization of the platinum–organic aerogels under a reducing gas flow produced platinum–carbon...
Different fluorination methods were applied to modify the surface properties of carbon fibers. The relationship between the degree of fluorination and the physicochemical properties of carbon fibers was studied using a combination of mechanical tests, elemental analysis (EA), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). EA and XPS analyses of fluorinated carbon fibers showed...
In this work, the influence of oxygen plasma treatment on the surface and adsorption properties of carbon blacks was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ζ-potential, and BET isotherms. Then the mechanical properties [tensile strength and tearing energy (G IIIC )] of carbon black/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites were measured. As a result,...
In this work, the relationships between work of adhesion and fracture toughness parameters, such as work of fracture (W f ), the critical stress intensity factor (K IC ), and the specific fracture energy (G IC ), of carbon-carbon composites (C/C composites) were investigated. The impact properties of the composites were also studied in the context of differentiating...
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