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Artificially inducing 2n gametes through chromosome doubling is an effective way to obtain polyploids. In this study, Eucalyptus urophylla microsporogenesis and flower development were investigated to guide 2n pollen induction. We also investigated suitable conditions for colchicine treatment. Our results showed that E. urophylla 2n pollen was spherical and had a large volume (mean diameter 28.57 ± 0...
To explore the feasibility of intra specific hybridisation between Robinia pseudoacacia (common diploid) and other Robinia varieties, tetraploid R. pseudoacacia, R. pseudoacacia var. decaisneana (Carr.) Voss., R. pseudoacacia Frisia, and R. pseudoacacia “Idaho” were collected as male parents, and hybridisation trials were conducted over a period of three consecutive years. The average seedling emergence...
Intergeneric hybridization is an effective way of improving crop resistance against biotic and tolerance to abiotic stresses. Here, we describe an intergeneric hybrid between Chrysanthemummorifolium ‘Nannongxiaoli’ and Artemisia vulgaris ‘Variegata’ using ovule rescue. Chromosome counting confirmed that out of the 124 regenerated plantlets, 19 were genuine hybrids, carrying the expected hybrid number...
Potassium (K) deficiency is a major factor limiting crop development and yield. In this study, 20 traits were investigated at the seedling stage using a doubled-haploid population subjected to normal K and K deprivation treatments. Evaluation of phenotypes expressed under the two K supply conditions revealed that K deprivation was able to decrease values of ten measured traits, whereas values of the...
Interspecific hybridization plays a crucial role in plant genetics and breeding. The efficiency of interspecific crosses to a considerable extent depends on the genetic relatedness of genomes from parental species. Interspecific hybrids involving Brassica maurorum (2n = 16, MM) and two Brassica crop species, viz B. rapa (2n = 20, AA) and B. napus (2n = 38, AACC), were produced and analyzed for their...
Meiotic nondisjunction during microsporegenesis can lead to aneuploid gametes formation and reduced pollen fertility in plants. This paper reports the prevalence of meiosis I nondisjunction in a resynthesized Brassica napus (AACC, 2n = 38) and its use for aneuploid production. Meiosis in the amphidiploids was characterized by high frequencies of univalents and multivalents per PMC at diakinesis/metaphase...
In a previously made cross Brassica napus cv. Oro (2n = 38) × Capsella bursa-pastoris (2n = 4x = 32), one F1 hybrid with 2n = 38 was totally male sterile. The hybrid contained no complete chromosomes from C. bursa-pastoris, but some specific AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) bands of C. bursa-pastoris were detected. The hybrid was morphologically quite similar to ‘Oro’ except for smaller...
The primary aim of this study was to optimize in vitro culture protocols to establish an efficient reproducible culture system for different Brassica interspecific crosses, and to synthesize yellow-seeded Brassica napus (AACC) for breeding and genetical studies. Reciprocal crosses were carried out between three B. rapa L. ssp. oleifera varieties (AA) and five accessions of B. oleracea var. acephala...
Brassica napus L. with more than 80% acreage of brassicas in China was introduced only in the last century with limited genetic variability. The widening of gene pool of this crop through suitable approaches including wide hybridizations is pivotal for its further improvement. In this study, new B. napus inbred lines with flowers having different petal colors (white, slight yellow and yellow), high...
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is often regarded as a major factor resulting in time-dependent darkening and discoloration of Asian noodles and other wheat end products. To understand the relationship between variation of PPO genes and PPO activity of seed, the three PPO genes, which express in immature wheat grain, were investigated in 216 common wheat cultivars. The results indicated that only TaPPO-A1...
Intergeneric hybridizations between cultivated Brassica species and Orychophragmus violaceus have been shown to be an efficient approach to produce Brassica aneuploids. Herein B. juncea–O. violaceus additions, substitutions and introgressions were obtained among progenies of partial hybrids after B. juncea (2n = 36) was pollinated by O. violaceus (2n = 24) and they expressed some traits from O. violaceus...
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