The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
The deep desulfurization of petroleum-based fuels using oxidative extraction processes has been hampered by the lack of suitable solvent systems and by the poor availability of inexpensive and efficient catalysts. As a strategy to address this limitation, the present study evaluates a number of hydrophilic and hydrophobic ionic liquids (ILs) for the oxidative extraction of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and...
High levels of carbon monoxide (CO) and unburnt hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are some of the main limitations of ethanol–diesel dual-fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion at light engine loads. In addition, low exhaust gas temperatures reduce the effectiveness of the oxidation catalyst, necessary to meet stringent emissions standards. Elevation of in-cylinder gas temperature...
In the present study, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and soot particulates emitted from a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine were sampled and analyzed. The results show that the vapor-phase PAHs and particulate-bound PAHs exist in GDI engine exhaust emissions. Soot particles are formed by the agglomeration of the quasi-spherical primary carbon particles, and the size of the PAH cluster...
The work was concerned with experimental study of the turbulent flame development process of ethanol and butanol fuels in an optically accessed spark ignition research engine. The fuels were evaluated in a single cylinder engine equipped with full-bore overhead optical access and operated at typical stoichiometric part-load conditions. High-speed natural light (or chemiluminescence) imaging and simultaneous...
This study investigated the chemical characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and soot particulates emitted from a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine. The microcosmic morphology of the soot particulate and the correlations between PAH species and the primary carbon particles were studied during dynamometer testing of different engine operating conditions using our purpose-built...
The rheological properties and stability of lignite washery tailing suspensions (LWTS) were studied as a special type of coal water slurry (CWS). The properties of LWTS in these aspects are all shown to meet the requirement of a CWS. Two test methods, i.e., a rotational viscometer and a pipeline test system, were used to study the rheological properties of the LWTS and to distinguish between theory...
As a promising alternative fuel, biobutanol, i.e. n-butanol, can be utilized to reduce fossil fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions from spark ignition and homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines. In this work, the HCCI operation was achieved by the negative valve overlap strategy through variable exhaust and intake valve timing and lift devices on a single cylinder port fuel...
With the more stringent acceptable emissions limits for engines and the greater search for more energy efficient vehicles, novel strategies must be employed. One of them is HCCI combustion. This method, although not new, is still under development and presents some technological challenges. It offers, however, excellent potential results. A drive cycle comparison of a passenger car running with and...
Controlled Auto Ignition (CAI), also known as Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI), is one of the most promising combustion technologies to reduce the fuel consumption and NOx emissions. Currently, CAI combustion is constrained at part load operation conditions because of misfire at low load and knocking combustion at high load, and the lack of effective means to control the combustion process...
Diesel combustion and the formation of pollutants are directly influenced by the spatial and temporal distributions of the fuel within the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The requirements for more efficient and responsive diesel engines have led to the introduction and implementation of multiple injection strategies. However, the effects of such injection modes on the hydraulic...
The effect of the montmorillonite (MMT) interlayer cations on the performance of Co/MMT catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis was comparatively investigated in this work. By ion-exchanging the natural Na-type MMT (Na-MMT) with K + , Mg 2+ , Zr 4+ , Fe 3+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Ce 3+ , respectively, MMTs with different interlayer...
Biobutanol, i.e. n-butanol, is a promising alternative fuel or fuel blend to gasoline to reduce the consumption of fossil fuel and carbon dioxide emissions from spark ignition (SI) and homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), also known as controlled autoignition (CAI), engines. In this work, investigation was conducted on a single cylinder port fuel injection four-stroke HCCI/CAI engine fuelled...
This work involved study of the effects of gasoline–ethanol and gasoline–butanol blends on the combustion, fuel economy and engine-out emissions of a single cylinder research engine equipped with a mechanical variable valvetrain on the inlet and variable valve timing on the exhaust. Gasoline or iso-octane were splash blended with varying amounts of ethanol or 1-butanol and studied under a range of...
The combustion and emission characteristics of alcohol fuels in a controlled auto-ignition (CAI) combustion engine have been investigated. Combustion characteristics were studied by heat releases analysis through in-cylinder pressure measurement and auto-ignition reactions through high-speed chemiluminescence imaging. By means of the negative valve overlap, varied amount of residual gas was trapped...
Two-colour pyrometry, thermodynamic analysis, and exhaust emissions analysis have been used to improve understanding of the formation of soot during combustion in a high speed direct-injection automotive diesel engine. Three fuel blends were used: a Base Fuel commercially available in Northern Europe; a blend of the Base Fuel (70%) and esterified rape-seed oil (RME) (30%) and a blend of the Base Fuel...
The concept of fuel stratification has been proposed and applied to a four-valve port injection spark ignition engine. In this engine, two different fuels or fuel components are admitted through two separate inlet ports and stratified into two regions laterally by strong tumble flows. Each stratified region has a spark plug to control the ignition. This engine can operate in the stratified lean-burn...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.