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It is difficult for existing methods to measure the angular, bowing, and rotational knee alignments altogether in 2D radiograph images. We propose an automatic measurement method to quantify these knee alignments in three-dimensional (3D) bone models. Eight important anatomical landmarks of lower limb bones are used to establish lower extremity coordinate systems, in which we introduce seven parameters...
Accurate measurement of lower limb alignment is vital for orthopedic surgery planning. Based on the 3D lower limb bone models reconstructed from CT images, a 3D feature construction system is developed to find the lower limb alignment. This paper presents new methods to automatically identify the anatomic axes, mechanical axes, joint center points, and reference planes of the lower extremities. As...
This paper presents a review on the improved magnetron modelling which was achieved by exploiting a newly-developed software tool to automate the model definition in command-line solvers. The software was designed to work with the renowned MAGIC command-line software, by introducing pre-processing functions which assist the user to enter the required parameters using a 3D graphical interface. This...
The portable GPS mobile terminal antennas experience multipath effects as the environmental objects in the vicinity cause the incident radio waves to reflect, diffract and scatter. Therefore, the GPS antenna's performance in real working environment cannot be judged on the basis of traditional electromagnetic analysis of the free space antenna parameters. Moreover, the mobile terminal GPS antennas...
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