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The circulating current in phase legs is an inherent phenomenon of modular multilevel converters (MMCs). The circulating current affects various aspects of MMC performance, such as power losses, capacitor voltage ripples, and the required current rating of semiconductors. Existing circulating current control methods can improve MMC performance in one aspect, but they may not implement the optimal...
Using classical transmission line steady-state model and based on the three-pulse harmonic voltages of the rectifier side and the inverter side, this paper describes an approach to calculate the DC side harmonic currents in HVDC systems, including the harmonic currents flowing directly in the DC line and the grounding electrode line, as well as the harmonic currents induced in their lightning shield...
For HVDC transmission system, the smoothing reactor has two structural types; oil-immersed core reactor and air-core reactor. The former needs to concentrate installed on DC-line, and the latter can be arranged flexibly on both pole line and neutral line. According to the different arrangements of smoothing reactors, the system steady-state performance and over-voltage of converter station have some...
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