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Electronic health records (EHRs) represent an underused data source that has great research and clinical potential. Our goal was to quantify the value of EHRs in breast cancer risk prediction. We conducted a retrospective case-control study, gathering patients' ICD-9 diagnosis codes from an existing EHR data repository. Based on the hierarchical structure of ICD-9 codes, which are composed of 3-5...
This paper proposed a radiated two-stage based method for the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system evaluations. By using the proposed method, not only the final throughput values, but also the antenna patterns, the antennas' envelope correlation coefficient, the antennas' imbalance and the radiated sensitivity of the MIMO device can be obtained over the air. Moreover, through these parameters,...
Skew is unintentionally introduced within a differential pair, through misalignment of conductors and glass fiber bundles in Printed Circuit Board (PCB) dielectric layers. Manufacturers do not control interposition of specific glass bundles to supplied board design (artwork). Therefore, an unknown and random factor is added to each produced PCB. Current paper describes a method that utilizes a set...
The intermediate results in Stage I of the RTS method can be used to help evaluate the quality of the designed MIMO antennas, which can benefit engineers with the debugging process for MIMO systems. This is achieved by exploiting the obtained intermediate results to calculate some metrics including envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and antenna gain imbalance (AGI). The detailed process is described...
Coil design is one of the critical part to get high power transfer efficiency for wireless power transfer (WPT) system. There exists coil figure of merit (FOM), which is used to evaluate coil design in the aspect of WPT system efficiency. WPT coil FOM is function of coil quality factor (Q-factor) and coupling coefficient, k and higher Q and k guarantees higher coil-to-coil efficiency. Coil DC loss,...
This paper proposes a procedure for estimating the location of open or short defects in a Through Silicon Via daisy-chain structure. The equivalent inductance and capacitance are extracted, at low frequency, through the measured and/or computed Z11 parameter of a three dimensional model in which the short and open defects are intentionally created in specific points.
Voltage noise from a synchronised buck converter is known to causes various problems in electronic system design. The power supply noise is generally related to the switching activity of the converters. Voltage noise from switching dc/dc converter shows different behaviours at switching and ringing frequencies. In this paper, we first proposal analytical expressions to evaluate voltage ripples at...
An analytical model of power supply noise induced jitter (PSIJ) at inverter chains is proposed. Based on the piecewise linear approximated I-V curve model, closed-form equations of PSIJ transfer function at a single inverter are derived. The PSIJ transfer function of an inverter chain output is then obtained by linearly stacking the single inverter-PSIJ transfer functions. Accuracy of the proposed...
In this paper, an error bound analysis is performed for 2x thru de-embedding methods: AFR (Automatic Fixture Removal) and SFD (Smart Fixture De-embedding). Basically, a certain amount of error is assumed to exist in S11 of 1x. This error will cause the de-embedded results to vary within a certain range. The upper bound and lower bound of the magnitude of the de-embedded results are given.
Multiple digital ICs sharing ground plane have potential problems of ground noise interference to each other. Current distribution on the ground plane can introduce intra-system EMC issues, which can possibly result in receiver desensitization issue in wireless devices. In this paper, a method of moment (MoM) based current reconstruction method is proposed to estimate the current on the ground plane...
This paper presents a survey on physics-based modeling strategies for differential via in high-speed multilayer printed circuits (PCBs). Driven by the goals of accurate and efficient design, researchers have explored several approaches for differential via modeling, include π-type RLC circuit, differential transmission line with via-plate capacitance/effective dielectric constant and parallel plate...
Electromagnetic radiation for a printed circuit board (PCB) midplane connector is studied in this paper. By applying integral-equation (IE) based method and characteristic mode (CM) analysis, the current is split into radiating and non-radiating ones. The radiated power from each part of the structure can be quantified using the radiating current. Therefore, the radiation hot spot can be identified...
Shared-antipad via structure is commonly used for high-speed printed circuit board (PCB) design. Therefore, an accurate via-plane capacitance evaluation for this kind of geometry is critical to facilitate engineering design. In this paper, the analytical equation of via-plane capacitance for separated-antipad via structure is extended to the shared-antipad via structure case, by using the equivalent...
S-Parameters are the most common way to describe electrical behavior of linear electric networks. However, any available S-Parameters that is available for describing a physical system is not perfectly accurate and does not describe it comprehensively. It becomes important to be able to estimate the quality of existing data in order to achieve reliability of the results and conclusions developed based...
Statistical link analysis and link budget calculation is the essential part for current high-speed system design. Because of the difficulty of low bit-error rate (BER) simulation at SPICE transient solver, several methods were proposed to simulate low BER in a short time. Single-bit response (SBR) method is the most basic method; it uses SBR to construct the arbitrary waveform under the assumption...
The integrated crosstalk noise (ICN) has been wildly used as an alternative to the insertion crosstalk ratio (ICR) for channel crosstalk evaluation in the IEEE 802.3ba standard. In this work, a differential ICN analysis is performed for several configurations of package-to-PCB transitions. Using the design of experiment (DoE) statistical method, differential ICN is quickly estimated for various input...
A wideband measurement technique to characterize radio frequency (RF) interference caused by a liquid crystal display (LCD) baseband noise modulation is proposed. The LCD noise in baseband frequency range modulated with the Tx carrier signal of cellular communication interferes with the Rx signal, resulting in a RF receiver desensitization problem. Since the frequency offset between the Tx and Rx...
With the continuous development of Vehicular Ad-hoc Network and Cloud Computing, the concept of Autonomous Vehicular Cloud has emerged. In the highway scenario, Autonomous Vehicular Cloud has high dynamic and mobility and the node resources can be used for a short time, which brings great challenges to the use of resources. In order to improve the efficiency of computing resources, the introduction...
A method to predict the modulated noise coupling to an antenna is proposed and experimentally validated using a practical mobile phone. The baseband noise of a liquid crystal display (LCD) is modulated with the Tx carrier signal of cellular communication, resulting in a radio frequency desensitization problem. The modulation mechanism is understood and its circuit representation is proposed to estimate...
With the today's the rapid developing of wireless mobile networks, various types of mobile devices have emerged and a variety of applications have been developed. People's desire for more convenient life and more efficient collaboration may be coming true in this era. Meanwhile there are lots of security challenges in wireless mobile networks. To resist conventional attacks and obtain stronger securities...
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