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An approach bias for alcohol stimuli (i.e. faster approach than avoidance reactions) might facilitate relapses in alcohol dependence. Neurobiological models suggest hypersensitivity in the reward system [inter alia nucleus accumbens and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)] to cause pathologically enhanced approach impulses towards alcohol stimuli. At the same time, in alcohol dependence, these structures are...
The present pilot study investigated cortical processes during automatic and regulated approach–avoidance reactions for the first time.In 15 healthy volunteers, prefrontal activity was measured with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during performance of a joystick version of the Approach–Avoidance Task (AAT). In experiment 1, participants approached (pulled towards their body) and avoided...
Approach and avoidance are two basic behavioural principles. The current study investigated neuropsychological mechanisms underlying the influence of the personality characteristic goal-oriented pursuit on the efficiency of regulating such approach–avoidance reactions.Therefore, the P3 event-related potential (ERP) reflecting controlled attention allocation was assessed during the Approach–Avoidance...
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