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The activation threshold for antigen-specific T cell responses is dependent on the avidity of the trimolecular interaction between TCR, antigen, and MHC. We compared CD4+ T cell avidities for the diabetes-associated autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 555–567 (GAD 555) among serial samples from autoantibody-positive subjects at high risk of progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D). T cells from three...
Polymorphism of the genes coding for the human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen class II DR and DQ molecules makes the single largest genetic contribution to the risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and can be associated with highly elevated as well as decreased disease frequency. The mechanism of IDDM risk modification by HLA polymorphism is likely to involve differential...
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