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The article discusses refractive errors in dogs. The refractive errors presented in the article are myopia, hyperopia, anisometropia and astygmatism. These disadvantages are discussed in individual dogs breeds. Analysis has proved that most of dogs are emmetropic an thus have normal visual acuity. In dogs and human alike the refraction defect may have a genetic compound, it may be congenital or acquired...
Habanero pepper fruits contain capsaicin (CAP) characterised by a spicy taste. Astrocytes express vanilloid receptor (TRPV1), which interacts with cannabinoids including CAP. Only a few studies revealed that CAP leads to alterations of the arcuate nucleus (ARC) structures. The aim of this study was to analyse the GFAP (GFAP-IR) and S100β (S100β-IR) immunoreactive astrocytes of ARC in adult rats after...
Chronic Superficial Keratitis (CSK) is an autoimmune mediated inflammation of the cornea, that is usually bilateral but often with nonsymmetrical manifestation. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and appearance of clinical symptoms of CSK in German Shepherd dogs in Poland and Slovakia. CSK was diagnosed in 308 German Shepherds for a period of 11 years (from 1999 to 2010). The highest...
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