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We introduce the concept of "Ultrasound Spectroscopy". The premise of ultrasound spectroscopy is that by acquiring ultrasound RF data at multiple power and frequency settings, a rich set of features can be extracted from that RF data and used to characterize the underlying tissues. This is beneficial for a variety of problems, such as accurate tissue classification, application-specific...
Cell death by apoptosis is an active process of cell removal that is initiated and regulated by activation of specific enzymes and signaling molecules. In contrast to necrotic cell death, apoptotic cell death holds the potential for therapeutic manipulation. Recent studies document important roles for apoptosis in both normal and pathological processes, ranging from embryonic development to tissue...
Recent studies of cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules and growth factors have enhanced our understanding of molecular mechanisms of leukocyte trafficking and their activation in the inflammatory phase of various renal diseases. Interactions between infiltrated inflammatory cells and resident renal cells are actively involved in the pathogenesis of phase-specific renal disorders. Furthermore,...
Tissue scarring due to abnormal matrix remodeling is an important cause of organ failure, which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Current studies have fo cused on determination of the molecular basis of controlled wound healing and uncontrolled tissue scarring. Scarless repair is a unique feature of fetal wounds in early gestation. Our understanding of the molecular basis of fetal response...
Fibrogenesis: Cellular and Molecular Basis is the first volume to provide a synopsis of the rapid progress that has been documented in fibrogenesis over last couple of years, which significantly enhanced our understanding of the pathomechanisms of fibrotic diseases. Knowledge on molecular and celluar basis of fibrotic diseases has provided opportunities to develop selective and effective gene-based...
Without force feedback, a head-mounted display user's avatar may penetrate virtual objects. Some virtual environment designers prevent visual interpenetration, making the assumption that prevention improves user experience. However, preventing visual avatar interpenetration causes discrepancy between visual and proprioceptive cues. We investigated users' detection thresholds for visual interpenetration...
To compare and evaluate locomotion interfaces for users who are (virtually) moving on foot in VEs, we performed a study to characterize task behavior and task performance with different visual and locomotion interfaces. In both a computer-generated environment and a corresponding real environment, study participants walked to targets on walls and stopped as close to them as they could without making...
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