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Birds are one of the most interesting and most colourful groups of animals, but they can also be a source of zoonotic factors dangerous for humans. This paper describes the threats to human health from contact with birds. The most vulnerable occupational groups associated with birds are veterinarians, owners of poultry farms, breeders of ornamental birds, zoo personnel, and poultry slaughterhouse...
The aim of the study was to determine the aetiologic agent causing deaths in two flocks of Pekin ducklings at the age of 12 d in Poland, on the basis of clinical symptoms and pathological changes, viral hepatitis infection was suspected in the birds. During the necropsy, liver sections were collected, from which total cellular RNA was isolated. Then, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was...
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of field strain, serotype 7 (FAdV-7 JN-5/10), of fowl adenovirus infection on the replication of Rispens/CVI988 strain of Marek's disease virus. Ninety one-day-old SPF chickens were divided into six groups. The chickens from group I were vaccinated against Marek's disease (MD) and 24 h later infected with the adenovirus; chickens from group II were...
The study describes successful isolation of 96 fowl adenovirus (FAdV) strains from 789 chickens from 95 flocks. PCR specific for hexon gene encoding L1 loop was conducted. Amplicons were subjected to sequence analysis. The sequences were analysed by the software: BLAST, Geneious 6.0, and MEGA 5, then aligned with different adenovirus strain reference sequences accessible in GenBank database. The examined...
Neoplastic changes characteristic of Marek's disease (MD) in the geese flock were described. The investigations were performed on White Italian reproductive geese kept on a farm where MD was previously diagnosed in broilers. Neither antibodies against MD virus (MDV) were detected by AGID method, nor MDV antigen was found by RID. The histopathological examination revealed the presence of lymphoid infiltrations...
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of simultaneous infection of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) with different doses of adenovirus field strain serotype 7 (FAdV-7 JN-5/10j) and turkey herpesvirus strain FC 126 (FC 126 HVT) on replication of the herpesvirus in in vitro cultures. Three experiments were performed: simultaneous infection of CEF with adenovirus and HVT; inoculation of...
The strains of adenoviruses were isolated from 356 birds with clinical form of Marek's disease and coinfection with adenoviruses. A hexon gene fragment coding loop LI of adenovirus strains was sequenced and obtained data were analysed with BLAST, Geneious 5.3, and MEGA5 software by comparison with nucleotide sequences of reference strains of fowl adenoviruses (FAdV-1 - FadV-12), two turkey adenoviruses,...
The aim of the study was to develop and optimise a single PCR and duplex PCR for the detection and differentiation of avian adenovirus serotypes 1 and 5 in poultry. The methods were based on sequence of hexon gene of the serotypes. The PCR and duplex PCR DNA products were 227 pb and 178 bp for serotypes 1 and 5, respectively, and were highly specific. The duplex-PCR method was found to be a highly...
One hundred and seventy-six samples collected from internal organs of sick birds and 40 samples taken from healthy birds were used for virus isolation. The isolation was carried out on SPF chicken embryos by inoculating them into the yolk sac with the material prepared by generally accepted methods. Three passages were performed. The presence of viral antigen was detected by the agar gel precipitation...
This work aims to identify 6 virus field isolates, serologically determined as reoviruses. The type of cytopathic effect in cell cultures, physico-chemical properties and antigenic relationship were examined. The strains examined multiplied in CEF and CEK cultures, produced cytopathic effects and plaques, contained RNA in their genome, had no lipid envelope, were stable in an acid environment and...
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