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Objectives
Cephalic arch stenosis (CAS) is a common cause that leads to the failure of hemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). Patients with CAS are primarily treated with fluoroscopy‐guided angioplasty. Here, seven patients with de novo cephalic arch stenosis who underwent office‐based UG‐PTA were.
Methods
Retrospectively analyzed the total of 321 patients with AVF dysfunction in the nephrology...